15%甲霜灵微胶囊缓释剂制备及对烟草黑胫病的防治效果  

Preparation of 15% metalaxyl sustained-release microcapsules and the control efficacy to tobacco black shank

作　　者：董瑜[1,2] 田华[1,2] 冯超[1] 袁会珠[3] 张成省[1] 孔凡玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2015年第3期396-403,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：福建省南平市科技项目(201203)

摘　　要：为明确15%甲霜灵微胶囊缓释剂配方及对烟草黑胫病的防治效果,采用原位聚合法制备并优化工艺,对获得的微胶囊进行释放规律研究及评价,并通过盆栽试验确定其防治效果。结果显示,微胶囊缓释剂最佳配方为(用质量分数表示):15%甲霜灵原药、27%二甲苯、2.5%农乳0203、2%氯化铵、4%乙二醇、0.2%黄原胶、2%NNO、47.3%水;制备优化工艺为:芯壁比例1∶1、搅拌速度400 r/min、调酸时间2 h、p H 4.5。所获得微胶囊制剂表面光滑致密无凹陷,大小均一,平均粒径12.93μm,包覆率93.58%。制剂有效成分在水相中缓慢释放,0~24 h为初期释放阶段,符合一级动力学方程,R2为0.9115,累计释放量达29.52%;24~360 h为匀速释放阶段,符合零级释放动力学方程,R2为0.9945,累计释放量为29.52%~93.22%;360 h后趋于稳定。施用所制备的15%甲霜灵微胶囊21 d后对烟草黑胫病的盆栽防治效果为82.2%,高于25%甲霜灵可湿性粉剂(75.7%)。表明制备的15%甲霜灵微胶囊具有良好的缓释性,对烟草黑胫病有较好的防治效果。In order to clarify the control efficacy of 15％ sustained released metalaxyl microcapsules to tobacco black shank,its release rule was studied by using the optimized in-situ polymerization.The effect on black shank was evaluated through greenhouse pot experiment.The optimum formula of metalaxyl microcapsules was as follows:15％ metalaxyl ingredient,27％ xylene,2.5％ 0203,2％ ammonium chloride,4％ ethylene glycol,0.2％ xanthan gum,2％ NNO,and 47.3％ water.The preparation parameters were:a core wall ratio of 1 ∶ 1,a stirring rate of 400 r/min,2 h of acid time,and a pH value of 4.5.The obtained microcapsules had smooth surface,uniform particle size with an average diameter of 12.93 μ,m and a cover rate of 93.58％.The effective components of metalaxyl microcapsules were slowly released in water.In line with the first-order kinetics equation,the period of 0-24 h was the initial release phase,with a released amount of 29.52％.In accordance with the zero-order release kinetics equation,it was released at a constant speed during the period of 24-360 h,with an amount of 29.52％ -93.22％.The release became stable after 360 h.The control efficiency of the microcapsules was 82.2％ to black shank 21 days after application,which was higher than 25％ metalaxyl WP (75.7％).These results indicated that the 15％ sustained released metalaxyl microcapsules had a good quality of slow releasing,and could effectively control tobacco black shank.

关 键 词：甲霜灵 微胶囊 性能表征 盆栽防效 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]