渭河下游不同类型区农户生活用能排放差异研究  

Emission disparity of rural household energy consumption in different types of areas in the lower reach of the Weihe River

作　　者：朱虹颖 吴文恒[1] 杨新军[1] 张敬飒 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2015年第2期141-150,共10页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101555);陕西高校人文社会科学青年英才支持计划项目(HSSTP);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2010JQ5006)

摘　　要：不同类型农村地区具有不同的能源消费取向,其造成的用能排放也呈明显的区域差异。研究农户生活用能排放分异,对深刻认识区域发展状况、制定合理的区域用能和环境管理政策具有重要意义。本文选取渭河下游临渭区为研究区,通过问卷调查与访谈方式获取基础数据,采用排放系数法测算平原地区、黄土台塬、秦岭山地的农户生活用能排放,利用灰色关联法识别用能排放差异的影响因素,结果发现:1不同类型地区农户生活用能排放差异显著。沼气比例较大的黄土台塬用能排放最低(1850.43 kg),薪柴为主的秦岭山地用能排放最高(2556.68 kg),多元化用能的平原地区排放居中(1863.20 kg)。2生活用能主要污染物CO2的排放量由平原向台塬、山区依次升高;其余污染物排放量高低,三类地区并无固定顺序:TSP排放秦岭山地居高,固体废弃物排放平原地区居多,这与各类地区主导用能类型相关。3影响用能排放差异的根本原因是区域能源供应能力,亦与区域环境影响下农户特征差异有关,依次为农户年龄结构、文化程度、家庭经济水平和职业结构。Owning to the vast area and great diversities in natural and economic conditions of China's rural areas, different rural areas have varied energy consumption characteristics, which lead to a clear regional variation of emissions. Exploring emission disparity of rural household energy consumption in different types of areas is important for understanding its regional variation and formulating sound regional development and environmental management policies. Taking the Linwei District, lower reach of the Weihe River as case study area, this research collected data through a household survey as well as interviews, and calculated the emission of rural household energy consumption in different types of regions by emission coefficient method. The gray relational analysis method was used to identify the influencing factors of emission disparities. The results are as follows:(1) The emission of rural household energy use in different types of areas has significant differences. Total emissions of a single household in the plain, loess tableland, and Qinling piedmont areas are 1850.43 kg, 1863.20 kg,and 2556.68 kg, respectively. The loess tableland area where rural households utilize a large portion of biogas has the lowest emission from household energy use, indicating that biogas use is of great benefit to reducing emissions; the Qinling piedmont area has the highest energy-related emission, which shows that more attention should be paid to the daily energy use and emissions of households that use traditional biomass energy primarily and have lower income; the plain area has medium level of emission in the three regions, reflecting that commercial energy increase does not necessarily bring more emissions.(2) As the main pollutant of household energy use, CO2 emission is lowest in the plain area, higher in the loess tableland area, and highest in the Qinling piedmont area. The three regions ranked differently in terms of other pollutants: the Qinling piedmont area has the highest TSP emission, while solid waste emission m

关 键 词：农户生活用能 排放差异 碳排放 沼气 渭河下游 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F323[经济管理—产业经济]