美国政府与非政府组织高等教育共治的实现机制——以联邦高等教育政策制定为例  

The Shared Governance Mechanism of Higher Education by American Government and Non-government Organizations——Take the Federal Higher Education Policy-making Process for Example

作　　者：杨凤英[1] 袁刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学教育学院,河北保定071002 [2]河北大学政法学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2015年第5期104-109,共6页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(11YJC880138)

摘　　要：美国高等教育逐渐形成了政府与非政府组织既分权又合作的共治模式。美国联邦高等教育政策制定的过程显示,非政府组织通过各种方式积极参与联邦政策活动,联邦政府在政策制定和实施中主动借助非政府组织的资源。该共治模式能有效运行的保障机制是:独特的市民社会所奠定的社会基础;共治双方需求的契合形成的内驱力;政府的制度供给和非政府组织的参与能力的现实支撑;自律和他律结合的合规监督机制。American higher education had set up the shared governance model by government and non-government organizations,which was characterized with decentralization and cooperation.The federal higher education policy-making process showed that,non-government organizations participated in the federal policy activities through various channels;and the government also utilized the resources of non-government organizations fully during the policy-making and implementation.The shared governance model depended on such safeguard mechanisms as:the special civic society was its social basement;the needs of government and non-government organization were its internal driving force;the system supply by government and participation ability of non-government organizations provided its realistic support;and,self-discipline and heteronomy constituted its supervising mechanism.

关 键 词：美国高等教育 联邦政策 政府 非政府组织 共治 

分 类 号：G649.20[文化科学—高等教育学]