农村小规模学校教师资源的现实困境与均衡配置策略——基于河南西部山区两所小学的个案研究  

Realistic Plight of Teacher Resources in Small Scale Rural School and its Balanced Allocation Strategy:A Qualitative Study based on Two Primary School in Western Mountainous Area in Henan Province

作　　者：赵丹[1,2,3] 闫晓静[4] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农村社会研究中心 [2]西北农林科技大学人文学院 [3]奥地利国际应用系统研究中心 [4]西北农林科技大学人文学院公共事业管理系

出　　处：《教育学术月刊》2015年第3期61-66,共6页Education Research Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目"西北区域义务教育均衡发展与教育资源共享模式的构建研究--基于GIS的空间计量分析"(71203180);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"学校布局调整背景下西部农村教学点问题研究--基于GIS的实证分析"(12YJC880157);西北农林科技大学国家级大学生创新项目"农村小规模学校教师资源均衡配置研究--基于中西部地区的实证调查"

摘　　要：近年来由于农村人口出生率下降以及适龄儿童随父母外出务工,农村学校的生源逐年减少,学校规模日益萎缩,农村地区出现了大量的小规模学校。虽然规模较小,但这类学校满足了乡镇、村一级人口的义务教育需求,是不可替代的办学模式。通过对河南省西部山区两所小学的个案研究发现,小规模学校的教育质量特别是教师水平远远落后于大规模学校,教师年龄老化、学历水平低、知识结构陈旧等问题突出,教师资源面临严重的不均衡问题,对县域教育均衡发展带来负面影响。因此,未来政策应从教师招聘、增加培训机会、完善奖励机制等方面加强小规模学校师资建设,促进教师资源均衡配置。Small rural school is a kind of school with small scale,which is the result of decreased number of student population in remote rural areas. Despite of the fact that its small size can not satisfy the economies of educational scale,small rural schools can be benefitary to the rural education development since they could meet the educational demand of remote children. However,this empirical case study demonstrates that,the quality of education especially teacher resource in small rural school is far behind of that in central larger schools in the county. Problems of aging,low-level educational background and obsolete knowledge structure of teachers are impacting negatively on teaching quality. The immediate measures for improving condition of teacher allocation in small rural schools should be taken,such as teacher recruitment reform,increase of training opportunity,and perfection of the reward mechanism,etc.

关 键 词：农村小规模学校 教师资源 学校布局调整 质性研究 

分 类 号：G629.2[文化科学—教育学]