中国外贸生态环境分析与绿色贸易转型研究——基于隐含碳的实证研究  

Ecological environment and green trade transformation in China based on embodied carbon

作　　者：刘祥霞[1,2] 王锐[3] 陈学中[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学经济学院,济南250002 [2]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872 [3]武汉轻工大学经济与管理学院,武汉430023

出　　处：《资源科学》2015年第2期280-290,共11页Resources Science

基　　金：山东省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目:"山东绿色贸易转型路径及策略研究"(编号:J12WG60);国家社科青年项目:"基于风险与收益分析的我国粮食‘适度进口’问题研究"(编号:14CJY081);教育部人文社科研究基金资助项目:"我国粮食价格波动中外贸调节机制的研究-基于粮食安全的角度"(编号:12YJC790188);国家自然科学基金项目:"基于计算实验的中国跨国公司决策治理和成长路径的演化研究"(编号:71371085)

摘　　要：利用修正的投入产出法和2001-2012年中国海关货物进出口商品分类数据,研究和测算了中国进出口商品中的隐含碳排放量。研究结果显示:中国的出口贸易隐含碳排放量和进口贸易隐含碳排放量都有明显增长,但出口贸易隐含碳排放量增长更快;中国是典型的隐含碳净出口国,且少数产业部门集中了国内绝大多数的碳排放。为了改善国内的生态环境,本文以贸易差额、生态环境差额和碳排系数为依据进行了产业归类,提出了绿色贸易转型的相关策略,以便更好地实现国内节能减排的目标。By applying the correction method of input- output,and the commodity classification data of Chinese customs goods imported and exported from 2001 to 2012,we researched and calculated embodied carbon emissions in the import and export sectors in China. We found that the direct carbon emissions coefficient and total carbon emissions coefficient of all industries in China dropped,but the scope of industries that the carbon emissions multiplier was greater than one further expanded. At the same time,the emissions of embodied carbon in imports and exports increased,but the emissions of embodied carbon in exports grew faster,accounting for a quarter of total domestic carbon emissions in China. China was a typical net exporter of embodied carbon.Most sectors were net exporters of embodied carbon,and a few sectors were responsible for most domestic carbon emissions. In order to improve the domestic ecological environment,we reclassified industries according to the balance of trade,ecological environment balance and the coefficient of carbon emissions. China needs to optimize industrial structure and export structure and control export trade volume;adjust the import structure and increase import products that can replace products of domestic environmental consumption;establish the environmental admittance system of industries to regulate investment at home and abroad;and perfect the function of customs to establish an environmental classification management system of products. Green trade transformation policies are helpful to change trade development characterized by environmental outputs to one characterized by environmental inputs. This will achieve the goal of domestic energy conservation and emissions reduction.

关 键 词：隐含碳 投入产出法 环境逆差 绿色贸易 中国 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F752[经济管理—国际贸易]