通过体细胞无性系变异获得马铃薯优良新材料  

An Excellent New Potato Material Obtained by Somaclonal Variation

作　　者：邹雪[1] 肖乔露 文安东 胡芳[1] 黄雪丽[1] 王西瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,成都611130

出　　处：《园艺学报》2015年第3期480-488,共9页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系四川薯类创新团队项目(川农业函[2014]91号)

摘　　要：为建立马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)试管薯切片再生体系并评价其体细胞无性系变异的应用潜力,以马铃薯品种‘米拉’的试管薯切片为外植体,通过调节培养基植物生长调节剂配比和蔗糖浓度建立再生体系并获得再生植株;通过逆境胁迫快速筛选出优良再生株系‘M-13’,并比较其生长特性及稳定性;利用SCOT和RAPD分子标记检测其遗传变异。结果表明:不添加蔗糖MS+2 mg·L^(-1) 6-BA+0.25 mg·L^(-1) TDZ+0.1 mg·L^(-1) 2,4-D可获得最高芽分化率65.33%。与母本‘米拉’相比再生植株‘M-13’生长更为健壮,其试管苗和试管薯质量均约为母本的2倍;‘M-13’的根/冠比和叶绿素含量较母本分别升高了112%、23.78%,而叶片可溶性磷含量和过氧化物酶POD活性则分别下降了16.36%和30.37%。SCOT和RAPD两种分子标记均能在‘M-13’中检测到新条带或缺失条带,与母本间的遗传相似系数分别为0.9323(SCOT)和0.9256(RAPD),表明‘M-13’的DNA发生变异但仍保持母本的大部分特性。To evaluate the potential applications of somaclonal variation in potato(Solanum tuberosum L.),in this study we established regeneration systems of microtuber slices in Mira by regulating combinations of plant growth regulators and sucrose concentration. The line M-13 with excellent performance was quickly screened out from regenerated plants through stress treatment,and the study on its growth characteristics and phenotype stability was performed. The molecular markers start codon targeted(SCOT)and random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)were used to analyze the genetic variation of M-13. The results suggested that the bud regeneration rate could reach 65.33% of the highest value in the medium MS + 2 mg · L^(-1) 6-BA + 0.25 mg · L^(-1) TDZ + 0.1 mg · L^(-1) 2,4-D without sucrose. Both plantlet and microtuber weights of M-13 which grew stronger were about 2-fold compared with the mother plant Mira. The root/ shoot ratio and chlorophyll content of M-13 increased by 112%,23.78%,but the soluble phosphorus content and peroxidase(POD)activity in leaves decreased by 16.36% and 30.37%,respectively. The genetic similarity coefficient between M-13 and Mira analyzed by SCOT and RAPD markers were 0.9323 and 0.9256,which indicated that M-13 remains most features of mother plant Mira but occurred genetic variation.

关 键 词：马铃薯 试管薯 再生体系 体细胞无性系变异 新材料 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]