甜瓜‘黄醉仙’果实采后软化过程中细胞壁水解酶的变化  

Changes of cell wall degrading enzymes during post-harvest softening of melon 'Huangzuixian'

作　　者：张敏 王爱玲 杨军 杜娟 廖新福 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善838200

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期113-117,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-21)

摘　　要：【目的】研究甜瓜品种‘黄醉仙’果实采后用1-MCP处理后细胞壁水解酶的变化规律,为提高其商品性、延长其货架期提供参考。【方法】以达到商品成熟度的‘黄醉仙’甜瓜果实为试材,用1μL/L 1-MCP室温熏蒸24h后常温贮藏,以不处理果实为对照,测定果实硬度及β-半乳糖苷酶(β-Gal)、α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶(α-Af)、纤维素酶、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、果胶甲酯酶(PME)活性,分析‘黄醉仙’果实的软化机制。【结果】‘黄醉仙’果实采后硬度降低,经1-MCP处理后果实的硬度显著高于对照;对照果实β-Gal、α-Af、纤维素酶活性分别在采后1,5,6d达到最高,而1-MCP处理果实β-Gal、α-Af、纤维素酶活性峰值均在采后10d出现;对照果实PG活性在采后4d达到最高,1-MCP处理果实在采后8d达到最高;对照果实PME活性持续下降,1-MCP处理果实PME活性高于对照。【结论】甜瓜‘黄醉仙’果实采后软化是β-Gal、α-Af、PG、PME、纤维素酶共同作用的结果,其中,β-Gal和PME主要参与早期成熟,而PG、纤维素酶、α-Af则影响中后期成熟软化;1-MCP抑制了β-Gal、α-Af、纤维素酶、PG活性,延缓了PME活性的下降趋势,这可能也是1-MCP能对果实进行保鲜的原因之一。【Objective】This study investigated the changes of cell wall degrading enzymes after fruits of melon ‘Huangzuixian'were harvested and treated by 1-MCP to provide information for marketability improving and shelf-life extending.【Method】Fruits of melon‘Huangzuixian'harvested at commercial maturity were treated with 1μL/L 1-MCP for 24 hours before being stored at room temperature.Fruit firmness and activities ofβ-galactosidase(β-Gal),α-L-arabinofuranosidase(α-Af),cellulase,polygalacturonase(PG),and pectinesterase(PME)during the softening process were measured and analyzed.【Result】Fruit firmness decreased throughout the experimental period,and firmness of fruits treated with 1-MCP was significantly higher than the control.Activities ofβ-Gal,α-Af,cellulose,and PG peaked at 1d,5d,6d,and 4d after harvest while those of 1-MCP treated fruits peaked at 10 d,10d,10 d,and 8dafter harvest,respectively.PME activities of fruits in both control and 1-MCP treatment declined,but 1-MCP treatment had higher levels.【Conclusion】Softening of melon‘Huangzuixian'fruits resulted from interactions ofβ-Gal,α-Af,PG,PME,and cellulose.PME andβ-Gal contributed to the initiation of softening,while PG,α-Af and cellulase remarkably contributed to middle and later fast-softening.1-MCP inhibited the activities ofβ-Gal,α-Af,PG and cellulose and slowed the decrease of PME activity.This was one possible reason why 1-MCP could keep fruits fresh.

关 键 词：甜瓜 采后生理 细胞壁水解酶 1-MCP 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]