外源赤霉素和多效唑对山药块茎膨大和零余子形成的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Gibberellin and Paclobutrazol on Tuber Expansion and Bulbil formation of Chinese Yam

作　　者：龚明霞[1,2,3] 罗海玲[1,2,3] 袁红娟[1] 韦善清[1] 杨旭东[1] 何龙飞[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院作物遗传改良生物技术重点实验室,南宁530007 [3]广西农业科学院蔬菜研究所,南宁530007 [4]广西大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《园艺学报》2015年第6期1175-1184,共10页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30760126);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(200903022)

摘　　要：以山药大薯品种‘桂淮5号’和小薯品种‘桂淮16’为材料,研究了外源赤霉素(GA3)和多效唑(PP333)对块茎膨大和零余子形成的影响。结果表明,200 mg·L-1 GA3显著增加山药块茎产量,而200 mg·L-1 PP333显著降低山药块茎产量。山药块茎生长发育进程可划分为3个时期:块茎形成期、膨大期和成熟期。与对照相比,在块茎膨大期,外源GA3显著降低‘桂淮5号’和‘桂淮16’单株块茎总质量,且显著降低定植后150 d单个块茎质量;在块茎成熟期,外源GA3显著增加单株块茎数量和单株块茎总质量。同时,GA3显著增加零余子的长度和单个零余子质量,却显著降低单株零余子产量。与GA3相比,在块茎膨大期,外源PP333显著降低单株块茎总质量和单个块茎质量,而显著增加零余子的宽度和单株零余子产量;在块茎成熟期,PP333显著减少山药单株块茎数和单株块茎总质量。The effects of exogenous gibberellin(GA3)and paclobutrazol(PP333)on tuber expansion and bulbil formation were studied with big tuber variety‘Guihuai 5'and little tuber variety‘Guihuai 16'as plant materials. The results showed that yam tuber yields were increased significantly by application of exogenous GA3 and its optimum concentration was 200 mg · L-1,while tuber yields were decreased significantly by application of exogenous PP333 at 200 mg · L-1. The tuber development of Chinese yam could be divided into three periods,which are tuber formation period,tuber expansion period,and tuber maturity period. Compared with the control,exogenous GA3 decreased significantly total tuber weight per plant as well as single tuber weight on 150 days after field planting during tuber expansion period,andincreased significantly tuber number per plant as well as total tuber weight per plant during tuber maturity period. In the meanwhile,exogenous GA3 increased significantly bulbil length and the weight of single bulbil,but decreased the total weight of bulbil per plant compared to the control. Compared to GA3 treatment,exogenous PP333 decreased significantly total tuber weight per plant and single tuber weight,increased bulbil width and total weight of bulbil per plant during tuber expansion period,but decreased significantly tuber number per plant and single tuber weight during tuber maturity period.

关 键 词：山药 赤霉素 多效唑 块茎 零余子 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]