红山文化人形坐像研究  

Research of Humanoid Sitting Statue of Hongshan Culture

作　　者：田广林[1,2] 周政[1,2] 周宇杰 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学历史文化旅游学院,辽宁大连116081 [2]辽宁省红山文化与中华文明协同创新中心,辽宁大连116081

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第5期699-706,共8页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(11BZS071);国家社会科学基金重大委托项目(12@ZH014)

摘　　要：红山文化时代,那些被供奉在宗教礼仪场所接受世俗民众礼拜的神灵,其体态姿势是最显庄严端重的盘坐和垂脚高坐。在红山文化遗存中发现的坐姿人形造像的性质,既不是现实社会中的人,也不是纯粹意义上的艺术品,而是有着某种特定宗教礼仪内涵的人格化神灵形象。兴隆沟陶质人形坐像的性质与东山嘴祭坛和牛河梁女神庙的发现一样,都属于神像。兴隆沟房址灶前出土的坐像,即是红山时代的家族保护神,而远离居住遗址的东山嘴祭坛出土的坐像,则代表的是当时的国中保护神。由祭祀到礼制,由巫者到王者,由部落到国家,这应该就是中国文明起源的辽西模式。In Hongshan cultural period,deities who were enshrined and worshipped at place of religious ceremony and took religious service usually present a posture of solemnity sitting cross-legged or hang-legged.The ceramic humanoid sitting statue found at Xinglongwa is the same as the statue which are excavated at Dongshanzui Altar ruins and Niuheliang Ruins Godness Temples.They all belong to god statue.The sitting statue which found in front of stove at residential site of Xinglongwa is the god in charge of family protection.The sitting statue found at Dongshanzui Altar ruins far from residential site is the god of nation protection at that time.From the sacrifice to Rite System,from the Wu(Wizard)to monarch,from the tribe to nation,these are the Xiliaohe region pattern of the origin of Chinese civilization.

关 键 词：辽海地区 红山文化 人形坐像 发现与研究 文明起源 

分 类 号：K879.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]