“东突厥斯坦”:一个由语言而地理再政治的伪命题  

“East Turkestan”:A Pseudo-proposition Derived from Language,Geography to Politics

作　　者：杨富学[1] 

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院民族宗教文化研究所,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Shihezi University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"唐宋回鹘史研究"(14AZD064);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"敦煌民族史研究"(14JJD770006)

摘　　要："突厥斯坦"本为波斯语,意为"突厥人的国家"或"突厥人居住的区域",其中"突厥人"指的是北方草原上操突厥语言的游牧民。这一语言学、地理学概念后来却被西方殖民者政治化了,从而炮制所谓的"东突"概念,鼓吹建立"东突厥斯坦国",旨在把新疆从中国分离出去。其实,1914年泛突厥主义传入新疆以前,不管回鹘文文献还是察合台文献,都不曾使用"东突厥斯坦"一词。尽管回鹘人常把自己的语言称作"突厥语",但作为统治民族的回鹘人,从未把本民族与其他突厥语诸族混为一谈,分野十分清楚。"东突"只不过是一个原本并不存在的伪命题,是殖民主义在新疆植下的毒草。“Turkestan”, originally a Persian word, means “Turks' country” or “Area inhabited by Turks”, in which “Turks” refer to the nomads in the north steppe who speak Turki. This linguistic and geographical concept was later politicized by the occidental colonists so that they produced the so called “East Turkestan” and preached to found “Country of East Turkestan” in order to separate Xinjing from China. As a matter of fact, “East Turkestan” was not used in Uighur nor Chaghatay literature until 1914 when Pan-Turkism was introduced in Xinjiang. Although Huihu People often called their mother tongue as“Turki”, as the ruling nationality, they never confused their nationality with other Turki nationalities. “East Turkestan” is only a pseudo-proposition which did not exist before and a poisonous weed planted by the colonism in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：“东突” 突厥语族 突厥人 新疆 

分 类 号：K289[历史地理—历史学]