市场出清原则下的碳交易定价机制研究  

A Study on the Pricing Mechanism of Carbon Trading Based on the Market Clearing Principle

作　　者：钟晓青[1] 黄安琦 徐永成[2] 廖立维 邢晓静[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学园林及生态经济规划设计研究所 [2]中山大学

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2015年第5期68-78,共11页Journal of Poyang Lake

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"九五"重点项目"可持续发展经济学研究"(96AJB042);华南理工大学亚热带建筑国家重点实验室开放基金项目"绿色空间研究"(20070401);"低碳社区研究"(2010KB10);广东省自然科学基金项目"生态经济边缘效应研究"(974083)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文通过建立我国森林碳汇供给、需求曲线模型及对供给、需求的阶段性弹性分析,发现我国的碳汇吸收总量远远小于不断上升的碳源排放量,是典型的碳源型国家。在完全竞争的市场条件下,当价格为X时,S=D,是市场出清,此时具有帕累托效率。在完全价格歧视的垄断条件下,碳汇稀缺的林权所有者可根据消费者(碳源)愿意出的价格差别定价,消费者剩余全归林权所有者(碳汇)所有,碳汇的生产者剩余最大并促进了碳汇的整体提升,这时也是帕累托最优。因此,建立市场经济方式(而不是2C式)的完全竞争性质的碳汇交易市场,才是促进节能减排、新能源替代和碳中和三位一体的诀窍或关键所在。By establishing China's forest carbon sequestration supply and demand curve model and analyzing the stage elasticity of supply and demand, we've found that China is a typical carbon source country as its carbon absorption amount is far less than that of the rising carbon emissions. In the condition of a complete competition market, when the price is X while S =D, it is market clearing and there is a Pareto efficiency. In the monopoly condition of price discrimination, the forest owner with scarce carbon sequestration can make the price according to the different prices that the consumers(carbon source) are willing to offer. As the surplus left by the consumers belongs to the forest owner(carbon sequestration), the carbon sequestration producer has the maximum surplus and facilitates the overall increase of the carbon sequestration. This is also Pareto optimal. Therefore, to establish a carbon trading market with competitive market economy mode instead of '2C command' is the key to promote energy-saving emission reduction, new energy substitution and carbon neutral.

关 键 词：碳源 碳汇 供、求模型 碳均衡 竞争市场 定价机制 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F832.5[经济管理—金融学]