中国大豆主产区主要推广品种株型变化的回顾  

REVIEW ON THE CHANGE OF SOYBEAN PLANT TYPES OF THE MAIN SOYBEAN PRODUCING REGIONS IN CHINA

作　　者：王金陵[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农学院大豆研究室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农学院学报》1993年第3期209-213,共5页

摘　　要：大豆株型的优劣是大豆能否高产稳产的关键,也是大豆育种中重要选择指标之一。本文所论及的株型,主要是由结荚习性,株高,倒伏性,分枝性,以及主茎发达程度等性状综合组成。一定的大豆株型须与一定的自然条件与耕作栽培水平与条件相适应。近年全国大豆主产区推广的高产品种的株型指出,东北春大豆产区的大豆株型,以亚有限结荚习性,植株较高大,主茎发达又有一定分枝,抗倒伏,百粒重20克以上为主。黄淮夏大豆产区,以有限或亚有限结荚习性,多分枝,株高适中,秆强,荚密者为主。长江流域及江淮地区夏大豆,以典型有限结荚习性,多分枝,分枝上举,荚密,高度中等,抗倒伏,子粒大小中等为主体。当今各区的大豆育种,应按照上述生产上大豆株型的形势,确定株型育种目标。Soybean plant type is the foundation for soybean high yield,and has been considered asa leading objective for soybean high yield breeding.Soybean plant type is denoted chiefly bypod bearing growth habit as well as plant height,branching,lodging score,development ofmain stem,length of internode,etc..A definite adapted soybcan plant type prevails under adefinite growth condition.In the present,the high yield soybean plant type in the springsoybean region of the north and central Northeast is considered to have semideterminategrowth habit with higher and stiff stem,and weight of 100 seeds above 20g.The precedenthigh yield plant type of summer soybcan in the Yellow Huaihe River vallcy is considered to bedeterminate or semideterminate on growth habit with intermediate plant height,morebranches with densely beared pods,and stiff stem.While in the Yangtse River valley,the idealhigh yield summer soybean should be with typical determinate growth habit,more and upholding branches,densely beared pods,intermediate plant height,lodging resistant,and in-termediate to large seed size.

关 键 词：大豆 品种 株型 

分 类 号：S565.102[农业科学—作物学]