川金丝猴圈养种群现状分析  

Analysis of Demography and Genetics of Captive Population of Golden Monkey

作　　者：于泽英 

机构地区：[1]中国动物园协会,北京100037

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2004年第4期45-49,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：中国动物园协会提供赞助

摘　　要：川金丝猴 (Rhinopithecusroxellanae)圈养种群大多饲养在中国的动物园中。根据《川金丝猴国际谱系簿　 2 0 0 2》① 记录 ,到 2 0 0 2年 1 2月 3 1日种群存活数量 1 85只 ,包括野外捕获个体和圈养出生个体。近年圈养出生数量一直保持增加 ,到 2 0 0 0年超过野外捕获个体数量 ,现在种群的增加更多地依靠圈养出生个体数量的增加。近 1 2年中种群繁殖率不断提高。每年新生幼仔中野外捕获个体组产仔比率逐年减少 ,圈养出生个体组产仔比率逐年增大 ,但到 2 0 0 2年前者仍高于后者 40 %。两组动物的繁殖率都有上升趋势 ,野外捕获个体组的繁殖率大多高于圈养出生个体组的繁殖率 ,二者有明显差异。种群遗传状况是基因多样性保存量较高 ,各小种群的基因多样性却处于较整体低的水平。提高子代的繁殖率 ,增加各机构之间的合作繁殖以提高小种群的基因多样性保持量 。The individuals of captive population of Golden Monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellanae) are mostly kept in zoos of China. According to International Studbook of Golden Monkey in 2002, there are 185 living individuals by December 31, 2002, including wild\|caught and captive\|born animals. The number of captive\|born animals has been increasing in recent years and it already exceeded the number of wild\|caught animals in 2000. The growth of population is due primarily to captive breeding. The reproduction in population has tended to increase in the past 12 years. The proportion of births from captive\|born animals was increasing while the proportion of births from wild\|caught was decreasing in the last years. However, the proportion of wild\|caught animals is still 40% more than the proportion of captive\|born by 2002. While the reproduction rate of both groups has trended to increase, wild\|caught population has a higher rate than the captive\|born population. There is still substantial variation between reproduction rate of wild\|caught and captive\|born populations in recent years. Genetic status of the captive population of Golden Monkey shows the genetic diversity of all population has been retained at high level and the level of genetic diversity of small populations in every institution is low. The conclusion is that it is very important to increase the reproduction rate of captive\|born population and retain genetic diversity of small populations at high level through exchange of breeding animals between zoos.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 圈养种群 统计学 遗传学 

分 类 号：S864[农业科学—野生动物驯养]