北方农牧交错带生态恢复与重建的原则及对策  

Principles and Measures for Restoring and Regenerating the Ecology in the Agro-pastoral Ecotones in North China

作　　者：刘正恩[1] 葛剑平[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2004年第3期299-303,共5页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家基金委面上项目 ( 2 0 2 0 46) ;教育部重点项目 ( 2 72 0 0 4);教育部博士点基金 ( 2 73 10 1)资助

摘　　要：对我国北方农牧交错带生态退化的现状和原因进行了分析 ,提出了生态恢复与重建的 5个指导思想与原则 :物种本地化原则、物种多样化及其合理配置原则、保护为主重建为辅的原则、以防为主防治结合的原则和生态与经济相协调的原则 ,并提出了生态恢复与重建策略。The ago-pastoral ecotones in north china are located in the transitional zones between the semi-humid agriculture area and the arid/semiarid pastoral area. The ecotones are the economic links between the agriculture areas and the pastoral areas in north China, and play a very important ecological role in fixing sand, restoring water, purifying the rivers and control ling soil erosions in the headwaters and upper reaches of the rivers in north China. The ecology, however, has seriously degenerated since recent decades, which includes mainly the frequent occurrence of droughts, serious degeneration of vegetation, serious soil erosion and land desertification. In this paper, the current situation and causes of the ecological degeneration in the agro-pastoral ecotones in north China are analyzed, the five principles are put forward for restoring and regenerating the ecology, they include the principles of endemic species, diversification and rational distribution of species, dominance of protection and assistance of regeneration, dominance of prevention and combination of prevention and control, and coordination of ecology and economy. Some measures are also put forward for restoring and regenerating the ecology, they include the rational planning, withdrawing from farming to afforesting and grass planting, equal consideration of both ecological effects and economic returns, mutual benefits of the ecological restoration and regeneration and the social and economic development.

关 键 词：农牧交错带 生态建设 生态恢复 中国 生态退化 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]