汉语话语中推理照应的实证研究  

Bridging Reference in Chinese Discourse

作　　者：莫爱屏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学

出　　处：《现代外语》2004年第3期230-238,共9页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心所承担的教育部人文社科重大项目"认知语用学--言语交际的认知研究"项目号:2000ZDXM740009的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文以关联理论(SperberandWilson1986/1995)为依据,从定量的角度来对汉语话语中“推理照应”关系进行实证研究。文章首先确定了理解汉语话语中推理照应关系的测定对象,即合法性假设、可接受性假设和适切性假设。然后,对之进行了简要的描述,并从定量的角度进行检验和分析。定量分析既包括对汉语话语中推理照应关系的合法性、可接受性和适切性的分析,又包括影响人们对推理照应关系理解的制约因素的分析。从两个问卷调查的统计结果分析来看,调查对象(即受试)对该语言现象在不同语境中使用的理解具有显著的差异,从而证明了句法、语义和语用三个层面在人们理解推理照应关系的过程中相互制约、相互补充,为话语的理解和进一步研究提供了一种新视野。This paper reports on empirical research into bridging reference (BR) in Chinese discourse, focusing on a quantitative analysis of the validity, acceptability and appropriateness of BR as well as the constraining factors that influence its interpretation. The research involved two questionnaire studies carried out in relation to the pragmatic study of BR at three different levels (syntactic, semantic and pragmatic), and in light of Relevance Theory (Sperber and Wilson 1986/1995). In this paper, the term BR is first defined as an implicit semantic relationship between a bridging expression and its referent in context via the addition of contextual assumptions. Then the validity, acceptability and appropriateness hypotheses were introduced concerning the interpretation of BR in Chinese discourse, followed by a discussion of the statistical results of the two questionnaires. It turns out that the validity, acceptability and appropriateness of BR used in Chinese discourse depend largely on various pragmatic factors such as encyclopedic knowledge, interpersonal relationships. Thus, BR can be approached at the three different levels from a pragmatic perspective and the interpretation of BR is constrained by pragmatic criteria consistent with the principle of relevance.

关 键 词：语用学 话语 推理照应 

分 类 号：H0304[语言文字—语言学]