皂化萃取剂的物理化学性质  

The Physico-Chemical Properties of Saponified Extractants

作　　者：李改玲[1] 彭启秀[1] 高宏成[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学技术物理系,北京100871

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》1993年第3期406-409,共4页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：测定了P507钾(钠)/仲辛醇/正庚烷体系在不同含水量时的密度、折光率、粘度和电导等性质,并从微乳液的形成、结构和相转变对实验结果进行了初步讨论.Since the end of 70's, the formation of reversed micellar and microemulsion in extracted organic phase has been studied in our laboratory. We have known that the acidic extractants saponified by alkaline solutions or alkali metals have the similar structure and properties to surfactants, and can form reversed micellar or water-in-oil microemulsion in organic phases during the extraction. Herein we report the changes of the physico-chemical properties conductivity, density, index of refraction and viscosity, of a saponified extractant system in different volume fractions of water added with P507 as the extractant, Na and K as the saponifier, sec-octyl alcohol as the cosurfactant, and n-heptane as the oil. The density and index of refraction as the function of Φw are shown in Fig. 1. The variations of conductivity and viscosity of organic phase during the adding water to P507K-ROH-heptane system are shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 6. It can be seen that the density, conductivity and viscosity increase and the index of refraction decreases with the* water content in the microemulsion. It can be seen that the results are helpful to understanding the nature of the extraction mechanism and kinetics.

关 键 词：萃取剂 皂化 物理化学特性 

分 类 号：O652.62[理学—分析化学]