基于GIS与RS多源空间信息的吉林西部生态环境综合评价  

Synthetic Assessment of Eco-Environment in the Western Jinlin Province Based on Multi-Sources GIS and RS Spatial Information

作　　者：麻素挺[1] 汤洁[1] 林年丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学环境与资源学院,长春130026

出　　处：《资源科学》2004年第4期140-145,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:40072093;40273047)

摘　　要：吉林西部地区位于农牧交错带,生态环境比较脆弱,准确认识和定量评价该区的生态环境质量,对社会经济的可持续发展和生态环境的恢复整治具有十分重要的意义。该文采用多源空间信息,结合RS和GIS技术构造以栅格数据为主的数字环境,建立了生态环境综合评价模型。通过模型的空间叠加分析得到综合评价结果,根据评价结果将生态环境质量分为4级,分级结果表明生态环境质量从东南向西北有逐渐变差的态势,这与自然条件、气候因素、资源开发利用状况的变化趋势有很好的相关性,此外,评价结果与实地考察和资料分析结果相吻合,说明该评价模型具有科学合理性与客观准确性。The west region of Jilin Province lies in the southwest of Songnen Plain and the intervening zone of farming and herd; it is the important composing part of the fragile zone in north of China and the most serious region of environment problem in Jilin Province. In the west of Jilin province, the main environment problem include soil saline-alkali changing, soil sand changing, soil leanness changing, grassland degeneration, mantle of green area acute reduce, sand dust storm increase, drought and lack water, water quality deterioration and so on, therefore, the eco-environment is comparative fragile, the exact cognition and fix quantify assessment to eco-environment quality has very important meaning for the sustainable development of society economy and the resume renovation of eco-environment. This paper adopts multi-source spatial information and combined with technology of RS and GIS to construct the digital environment model made of grid data. The genes of synthesis assessment model are divided to the Grade 1 index and Grade 2 index. The Grade 1 index includes water heat condition, land cover, soil and water environment index. The Grade 2 index include average precipitation, ≥10℃ continuum temperature, NDVI, land use type, soil classification, desert changing and water quality. Through overlay analysis of the synthetic assessment model of eco-environment, the synthetic assessment results have been achieved and classified to four grades by the eco-environment quality. The preferable area (Class Ⅰ) of the eco-environment quality only occupy 16.11% of total area, however, the comparative worse (Class Ⅲ) and the worst area of the eco-environment quality account for 56% of total area. The assessment result have been achieved On the basis of county district, it show: The best county of the eco-environment quality is Ningjiang District, it belong to Class Ⅱ, moreover, Qianguo County, Fuyu County and Changling County belong to Class Ⅱ;The number of county belonging to Class Ⅰis zero; Tongyu County, Qia'n

关 键 词：GIS/RS 生态环境 综合评价 栅格 吉林西部 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]