单语词典释义的性质与训诂释义方式的继承  

The property of lexicographic glossary and the succession of exegesis method

作　　者：王宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学中文系,100875

出　　处：《中国语文》2002年第4期310-316,共7页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：单语词典的释义,由于兼有沟通与贮存的两大任务,加之解释语与目标语的词汇和词义系统是一致的,所以在释义技巧上有独特的难度。为了提高汉语单语词典释义的质量,必须增强释义的理论探讨,而从古代训诂成功的实践中总结释义的原理和实用的规则是非常必要的。本文把训诂学、辞书学与语义学结合在一起,分析了训诂义界的语言结构及其优化的条件,并阐释了与之相关的语义学原理,以促进释义理论的发展和释义技巧的规则化。There have been many difficulties in the lexicographic glossaries within a homogeneous language, because, first, the lexical and semantic systems are identical between the target language and the language used for glossary tasks, it is also because the commentator incorporate both the dynamic and the static meanings into a single glossary of a lexical item. It is argued, in this paper, that theoretical explorations on lexical semantics as well as glossary techniques are extremely important and urgently needed, and that principles and rules discovered from ancient commentaries are indispensable for contemporary lexicographic studies. This paper combines exegesis, lexicography and semantics to analyze the properties of glossary in terms of the structure of definitions and the optimal conditions in Chinese. Some important semantic principles are therefore revealed, under which a theory of commentary study can be further developed and some new techniques for composing glossaries can be formalized accordingly.

关 键 词：单语词典 释义方法 训诂 语言环境 

分 类 号：H06[语言文字—语言学]