尼卡地平控制性降压下脑膜瘤切除术患者内脏灌注的变化  

Effects of nicardipine-induced hypotension on splanchnic perfusion in patient undergoing meningioma resection

作　　者：曹晓莹[1] 梁伟民[1] 王倩[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属华山医院麻醉科,上海市200040 [2]复旦大学附属华山医院临床流行病教研室,上海市200040

出　　处：《中华麻醉学杂志》2004年第6期432-434,共3页Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology

摘　　要：目的 观察尼卡地平控制性降压下脑膜瘤切除术患者内脏灌注的变化。方法 择期行脑膜瘤切除术的患者23例,ASAⅡ-Ⅳ级,全麻诱导插管后打开脑膜至肿瘤切除期间静脉注射尼卡地平行控制性降压,使MAP≥60 mm Hg。在降压前(T0)、降压1 h(T1)、降压2 h(T2)、降压3 h(T3)、停降压后1 h(T4)、停降压后2 h(T2)分别记录血液动力学指标、胃粘膜内二氧化碳分压(pgCO2),同时点测定动脉血pH值及动脉血二氧化碳分压,根据Henderson-Hasselbalch公式,计算出胃粘膜pH(pHi)及PgCO2-PaCO2差值(PCO2gap)。结果 降压期间MAP≥60mm Hg,停降压后恢复至基础值。与T0比较,MAP、红细胞压积在T1、T2、T3显著性下降(P<0.05),其余各项指标在各时间点差异均无显著性。PgCO2、pHi、PCO2gap在各时间点与T0比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 在维持氧输送的情况下,尼卡地平短时间控制性降压不影响内脏灌注。MAP≥60mm Hg作为控制性降压的阈值是合理的。Objective Controlled hypotension induced by different drugs may have different effects on splanchnic perfusion. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of nicardipine- induced hypotension on splanchnic perfusion. Methods Twenty-three ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients (14 male, 9 female) aged 21-60 yr undergoing meningioma resection were studied. The patients were premedicated with ranitidine 150 mg per os and atropine 0.5 mg i.m. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5-2.0 mg·kg-1 , fentany1 2.0μg·kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg· kg-1 and maintained with isoflurane inhalation and intermittent i. v. boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation and PETCO2 was maintained at 33-35 mm Hg. Nicardipine-induced hypotension started from opening of mininges to the resection of tumor. 0.01% nicardipine infusion was started at 30 ml·h-1 and adjusted to reduce systolic blood pressure by 30% of the baseline or MAP to≥60 mm Hg. The adequacy of splanchnic perfusion was defined by gastric intramucosal CO2 tension (PgCO2), the intramucosal pH (pHi) and the difference between intramucosal and arterial PCO2(PCO2 gap) and was assessed before induction of anesthesia, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd hour during controlled hypotension and 1, 2 hour after termination of controlled hypotension. Results The MAP was maintained at about 62 mm Hg during controlled hypotension. The heart rate was stable. Hct was significantly decreased at 1st, 2nd and 3rd hour of hypotension compared with baseline but the mean Hct was greater than 30% . The intramucosal pH decreased slightly with no statistical significance and pHa, PaCO2 , PgCO2 and PCO2 gap were almost unchanged during controlled hypotension compared with the baseline values. Conclusion Nicardipine-induced hypotension is safe when MAP is maintained at≥60 mm Hg and has no adverse effects on splanchnic perfusion.

关 键 词：尼卡地平 控制性 降压治疗 下脑膜瘤 内脏灌注 内脏循环 手术切除 

分 类 号：R739.45[医药卫生—肿瘤]