利用四倍体与二倍体杂交规模化培育全三倍体太平洋牡蛎苗种  

Large-Scale Production of All-Triploid Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Seeds by Crossing Tetraploids and Diploids

作　　者：王昭萍[1] 姜波[1] 孔令峰[1] 于瑞海[1] 王如才[1] 郭希明 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]Haskin Shellfish Research Lab

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第5期742-746,共5页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：青年 8 63项目 (2 0 0 1AA62 80 30 )资助

摘　　要：利用引进美国的四倍体太平洋牡蛎 (Crassostreagigas)雄贝与我国的二倍体雌贝杂交 ,规模化培育全三倍体牡蛎苗种。杂交组的平均受精率为 48.2 7%,对照组为 80 .5 3 %,杂交组较低的受精率可能与四倍体雄贝的精子活力及精子数量有关。杂交组的孵化率、幼虫成活率和变态率分别为 81.10 %,42 .3 %和 1.82 %,对照组分别为 79.96%,3 7.0 %和1.80 %。杂交组共培育出稚贝 12 0 0万粒。不同时期取样的流式细胞仪分析结果表明 ,杂交组的三倍体率为 10 0 %。All-triploid Pacific oyster seeds were produced in a large scale by crossing tetraploid males which came from American with the local diploid females. The mean fertilizing rate was 48.27% for the cross group and 80.53% for the control group. The lower fertilization in the crosses may be caused by the deficiency in amount and the poor vigor of the sperm of the 4n males. The average rates of incubation, larvae survival and metamorphism of eyed-larvae is 81.10%, 42.3% and 1.82%, respectively, in the cross groups, and 79.96%, 37.0% and 1.80%, respectively, in the control groups. A total 12 million spats were obtained in the cross groups. The crossed larvae were larger than that of the control and showed its superiority in growth. The results of analysis by flow cytometer at different stages showed 100% triploidy in the cross groups.

关 键 词：太平洋牡蛎 四倍体 二倍体 杂交 全三倍体 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]