上海市948名中小学生贫血现况及其相关因素  

The Prevalence of Anemia and Correlates among 948 Shanghai Primary and Middle School Students

作　　者：王惠群[1] 孙建琴[2] 沈莉[2] 李菊英[2] 顾维雄[2] 韩祥录[2] 郭彩玲[3] 周义军[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳医学院预防医学系营养食品卫生教研室,贵州500004 [2]上海第二医科大学预防医学教研室 [3]上海第二医科大学保健科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2003年第6期563-564,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：达能营养研究中心资助项目

摘　　要：目的　了解上海市中小学生的贫血患病率及其影响因素 ,为防制中小学生贫血提供依据。方法　选取 6～ 1 7岁中小学生共94 8人 ,采用氰化高铁法测定其血红蛋白 ,并按照WHO推荐的贫血诊断标准对其进行贫血筛查。同时 ,选取 1 0 0名贫血学生与正常学生进行 1∶1配对 ,空腹静脉采血后测定其血清铁、总铁结合力、运铁蛋白饱和度、叶酸、维生素B12 、血铜及血铅含量 ,对结果进行统计分析。结果中小学生贫血患病率为 2 1 .6 % ,其中郊区为 2 4 .3% ,市区为 1 7.2 %。贫血组与对照组运铁蛋白饱和度分别为 1 9.5%和 35.9% ,血清铁分别为 1 3.9μmol/L和 2 3.5μmol/L ,总铁结合力分别为 76 .3μmol/L和 6 6 .5μmol/L ,维生素B12 分别为 380 .7pmol/L和 34 8.2pmol/L ,叶酸分别为1 6 .5nmol/L和 1 5.8nmol/L ,血铅分别为 1 2 3.2 μg/L和 99.5μg/L ,血铜 974 .8μg/L和 1 0 0 1 .1 μg/L。 结论　上海市中小学生目前的贫血患病率较高 ,铁缺乏是贫血的主要原因 。ObjectiveTo assess prevalence of anemia and corr elates amo ng primary and middle school students in Shanghai and to provide basis for preve nting and controlling anemia of primary and middle School Students. Meth odsAbout 948 students aged from 6 to 17 years were selected. The haemo globin content was determined by cyanmet-haemoglobin method and anemia screening was performed according to the WHO diagnostic Criteria for anemia. Meanwhile, 1 00 students with anemia were 1∶1 matched with 100 controls, their blood samples were obtained by venipuncture before breakfast for measuring serum iron content , total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, and the contents of serum folic acid, VB12, Cu and Pb. ResultsThe total prevalence rate of anemia among students was 21.6%, it was higher among suburban students (24.3 %) than among urban students (17.2%). Values for measurements in anemic group an d in control group were as follows: transferrin saturation 19.5% and 35.9%; seru m iron 13.9 μmol/L and 23.5 μmol/L; total iron binding capacity 76.3 μmol/L a nd 66.5 μmol/L; VB 12 380.7 pmol/L and 348.2 pmol/L; folic acid 16.5 nmol/ L and 15.8 nmol/L; Cu 974.8 μg/L and 1001.l μg/L; Pb 123.2 μg/L and 99.5 μg/ L; infection rate of intestinal parasites 1.8% and 1.l% respectively. Co nclusionThe prevalence of anemia among primary and secondary students is higher in Shanghai, the main causes of anemia is iron deficiency,and Pb overl oad might attribute to anemia among students in Shanghai.

关 键 词：贫血 学生 因素分析 统计学 

分 类 号：R556.3[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]