干旱区流域下游绿洲环境变化及其成因分析——以甘肃省河西地区石羊河流域下游民勤县为例  

THE ANALYSIS OF THE OASIS ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND ITS REASON OF THE LOWER REACHES OF THE ARID REGION ——A Case Study of Minqin County in the Lower Reaches of Shiyang River in Hexi Corridor,Gansu Province

作　　者：杨永春[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院地理科学系,兰州730000

出　　处：《人文地理》2003年第4期42-47,共6页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(49731010);兰州大学资源环境学院与英国伦敦大学的合作项目(BC项目)

摘　　要：本文主要根据社会调查结果资料分析了甘肃省河西地区石羊河流域下游民勤县的环境变化趋势及其成因,认为中国西部干旱区各流域下游几乎都存在环境恶化趋势。20世纪50年代以来,该地区地下水位迅速下降,沙漠化、土壤盐渍化、植被衰退过程加快,农业生产受到很大影响。造成环境变化的人文原因主要是全流域人口增长过快所引致的耕地扩张所造成的农业用水需求无节制的增长,导致中上游截留下游淡水资源,使得下游地下水利用规模逐年扩张引致地下水位快速下降和水质迅速恶化。后者又导致盐渍化过程加剧以及农业产量的急剧下降。农业产量下降又成为盲目开垦荒地的主导因素之一。这些都导致了植被衰退和破坏,共同造成了生态环境的灾难性突变。Based on investigating social materials, this paper analyzes the oasis environmental change and its reason of the Minqin in the Arid Region in Western China, which is lower reaches of Shiyang River in Hexi Corridor, ansu Province. The desertification and salinization in Minqin Basin show Minqin basin ecosystem has been in the brink of bankruptcy and its environment has gone worse. However, the precipitation has been generally steady since 1950, so human factor is a main reason of ecological environment change. Furthermore, it is discussed that it is human mechanism that causes the oasis change with human behavior of water use and quantity balance of water use. Minqin oasis change is related to expanding mechanism of traditional agriculture which can not be easily broken in limited time. We think all the oasis environmental changes of the lower reaches in the Arid Region in Western China have exposed the worse trend that is speeding in the recent and modern period. Minqin Basin has the process of the rapid decline of the underground water level, desertification, salinizification, degenerating vegetative cover that have greatly affected the agricultural production since 1950s. The human reason caused the environmental change is chiefly the unlimited demand of agricultural water use incited by enlarging farming land caused by rapid increasing population of the Shiyang reaches. The surface water decline flowing from the upper reaches and the increasing water use demand have explained the decline of underground water level and the worse quality of the underground water that caused the rapid salinizification and the rapid decline of the crop production which is one of the main factors of the enlarging farming land. All of these factor mentioned have contributed the degenerating vegetative cover and the disaster of the ecosystem. As a result, if the human mechanism causing the aggravating environment cannot be broken quickly, all human actions to reverse the worse trend of the oasis change in the same area will have

关 键 词：中国西部干旱区 流域下游 环境变化 成因分析 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学]