山东省10317名学龄前儿童弱视现状调查及疗效评价（第一部分：学龄前儿童弱视调查研究）  

Investigation on amblyopia among 10317 preschool children and evaluating of the therapeutic effects (part one).

作　　者：王利华[1,2] 于秀敏[1,2] 刘丽萍[1,2] 隗开旭[1,2] 龚鹏基[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省立医院眼科 [2]山东医科大学儿童少年卫生学研究室

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》1996年第3期119-124,共6页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

摘　　要：对山东省１０３１７名学龄前儿童进行了弱视患病调查。弱视患病率为３．２１％，弱视首次检出率为７３．４１％。男女之间，各年龄组之间弱视患病率差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。在检出弱视儿童中，屈光不正性弱视占５０．１５％，屈光参差性弱视占３１．７２％，斜视性弱视占１３．．６０％，形觉剥夺性弱视占１．８１％，其它占２．７２％。在屈光不正性弱视眼中，远视占８１．３３％，近视占４．２２％，混合散光占１４．４６％；远视程度愈高，弱视程度愈重（Ｐ＜０．００５）；散光程度愈高，弱视程度愈重（Ｐ＜０．００５）。弱视程度随远视性屈光参差程度增高而加重（Ｐ＜０．００５，Ｐｅａｒｓｏｎ相关系数＝０．６１）。在斜视性弱视中，内斜视占７５．５６％，外斜视占２４．４４％，内斜视与外斜视的弱视程度构成比差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。本文资料证明，屈光不正和屈光参差是形成弱视的最常见原因，对其中能引起弱视的最小远视屈光度值及两眼屈光度最小差值进行了探讨。Abstract preschool children were investigated on amblyopia in Shandong Province. The prevalence of amblyopia was found to be 3 21%. 73 41 of the amblyopic children had not been noticed before the investigation. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of amblyopia between boys and girls ( P >0 05) and between every age groups (P>0 05). In the amblyopic children, 50 15% was ametropic, 31 72% anisometropic, 13 60% strabismic, 1 81% deprivation, and 2 72% others Among the eyes of the ametropic amblyopia, 81 33% was hyperopic, 4 22% myopic, and 14 46 mixed astigmatism. The higher the hyperopic diopter, the severer the amblyopic depth was (P<0 005). The higher the astigmatic diopoter, the severer the amblyopic depth was (P<0 005). The depth of anisometropic amblyopia correlated with the degree of hyperopic anisometropia (P<0 005, Pearson's correlation coefficient=0 61). In the strabismic amblyopes, 75 56% was esotropic, and 24 44% extropic. There was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of amblyopic depth between esotropia and extropia(P>0 05). We concluded that ametropia and anisometropia are the most common risk factors for amblyopia. The lowest diopter of hyperopia and anisometropia which may cause amblyopia were discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：斜视性弱视 远视 学龄前儿童 内斜视 外斜视 屈光参差 疗效评价 患病率 散光程度 

分 类 号：R777.44[医药卫生—眼科] R778[医药卫生—临床医学]