泥沙灾害链及其在灾害过程规律研究中的应用  

Sediment disaster chain and its applications to interpretation of disaster process characteristics related to sediment transport

作　　者：倪晋仁[1] 李秀霞[1] 薛安[1] 李英奎[1] 韩鹏[1] 李天宏[1] 刘仁志[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境工程系水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2004年第5期1-9,共9页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委和水利部联合资助项目(59890200)

摘　　要：泥沙灾害是地球表层的主要灾害之一。泥沙灾害具有链锁式反应机制,在一定条件下构成泥沙灾害链。阐述了泥沙灾害链的概念、特点及类型,并以黄河与长江流域的泥沙灾害为例,对其链式特征进行了深入分析。研究表明,泥沙灾害链是泥沙灾害过程的主要表现形式之一,反映了泥沙灾害中隐含的渐发特征和强次生灾害特征,泥沙灾害链是研究泥沙灾害过程规律和特征的重要基础。Sediment disaster is one of the major disasters on the earth surface. The concept of 'sediment disaster chain' can reasonably reflect the mechanism of sediment disaster process and the consequences. In this paper, sediment disaster chain has been identified and used for interpretation of the context of sediment disasters in different reaches of a river system. Examples are given through cases in the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin, the chain characteristics are analyzed and the explanation of the increased flood disasters in recent years are given. It is shown that one of the main behaviors of sediment disaster is characterized by the strong secondary disaster.

关 键 词：泥沙灾害 泥沙灾害链 黄河流域 长江流域 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]