云南气象灾害的时空分布规律  

Spatiotemporal distribution features of meteorological disasters in Yunnan

作　　者：解明恩[1] 程建刚[1] 范菠 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象局,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省思茅市气象局,云南思茅665000

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2004年第5期40-47,共8页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金重点资助项目(2003D0014Z)

摘　　要：云南主要的气象灾害有旱灾、洪灾、冷灾、雹灾、风灾和雷灾等6类,它们造成的经济损失超过地震灾害和地质灾害,是云南最大的自然灾害。6种主要气象灾害有明显的时空分布特征。旱灾区主要集中在滇东北、滇东、滇北和滇中地区;洪灾区主要集中在滇东北、滇东南、滇南和滇西南地区;冷灾区主要分布在滇东北、滇西北、滇东和滇中地区;雹灾区主要分布在滇东北、滇东、滇南、滇西北以及滇中局部地区;风灾区主要集中在滇东北、滇南地区;雷灾区主要集中在滇南、滇东南及滇北局部地区。旱灾以春季和初夏最为严重,洪灾主要出现在夏季和秋季,冷灾主要出现在冬春季和夏季,雹灾主要出现在春季和夏季,风灾主要出现在春季和夏季,雷灾主要出现在夏季和春季。There are 6 main weather disasters including drought, flood, chilling, hail, wind and thunderstorm damage in Yunnan Province. The economic losses of the weather disasters exceed that of seismic disasters and geological disasters and weather disasters is the maximum natural disaster in Yunnan Province. 6 main weather disasters in Yunnan Province have obviously spatial and temporal distribution features. The drought damage areas gather largely in Northeastern, Eastern, Northern and mid Yunnan. The flood damage areas focus largely in Northeastern, Southeastern, Southern and Southwestern Yunnan. The chilling damage areas focus mainly in Northeastern , Eastern and mid Yunnan. The hail damage areas gather largely in Northeastern, Eastern, Southern and Northwestern Yunnan and parts of mid Yunnan. The wind damage areas concentrate mainly Northeastern and Southern Yunnan. The thunderstorm damage areas gather largely in Southern, Southeastern Yunnan and parts of Northern Yunnan. The drought damage occurs seriously in spring and early summer, the flood damage occurs largely in summer and autumn, the chilling damage occurs largely in winter, spring and summer, the hail and wind damage occurs mainly in spring and summer, the thunderstorm damage occurs mainly in summer and spring.

关 键 词：云南 气象灾害 旱涝 冷灾 风雹 时空分布 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]