利用植物低聚糖改善小麦抗病性  

Improvement of Wheat Resistance to Diseases by Use of Plant Oligosaccharides Extracted from Wheat Cell Wall

作　　者：李宏潮[1] 冯峰[1] 王虹[1] 胡道芬[1] 余露[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市植物细胞工程实验室,北京100081 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所

出　　处：《华北农学报》1993年第2期6-9,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

摘　　要：采用从小麦细胞壁提取的低聚糖处理小麦的悬浮培养细胞和愈伤组织,并从这两种处理材料中都分离出抗毒素.这种通过低聚糖处理而诱导积累的抗毒素对小麦赤霉病病菌具有较明显的抑菌作用.细胞学鉴定结果表明,抑菌作用的机制是抗毒素引起菌丝生长点膨大、破碎和解体.从而抑制了菌丝的正常增殖.同时.用低聚精直接处理小麦的大田植株.适宜浓度的低聚糖可以降低锈病和白粉病感染麦株的程度,改善小麦品种的抗病性状.Plant oligosaccharides extracted from wheat cell wall was used to treat the suspension -cultured cells and calli of the crop,and subsequently phytoalexins were isolated from the treated materials. The phytoalexin induced and accumulated through oligosaccharides treatment possessed a relatively significant inhibition to the wheat headblight(Gibbercl-la seae(Schw. )Petch ,Fusarium gramineaum Schwabe). Cytological examinations indicated that the mentioned inhibition was originated from the fact that phytoalexins made the hyphal tips swollen , disorganized and broken, resulting in inhibition of the pathogen propagation. Meanwhile, the oligosaccharides were also applied to treat wheat plants in fields. The oligosaccharides at suitable concentration were capable of lessening the infection of rust and powdery mildew diseases to wheat plants,thus improving disease -resistance of the wheat varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 低聚糖 抗病性 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学]