实验性镉中毒致小鼠血液学指标改变及硫酸锌的保护作用  

Effect of Sub-chronic cadmium exposure on haemalogical parameter changes in mice and the protective effect of zinc sulfate

作　　者：马振祥[1] 姜声扬[1] 张卫兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通医学院卫生系,江苏南通226001 [2]江苏省南通市卫生监督所,226001

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2004年第5期36-38,共3页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：江苏省南通市科技社会发展项目(编号S2 0 37)

摘　　要：目的　探讨亚慢性镉中毒对小鼠血液系统的影响及加锌对镉中毒的拮抗作用。方法　选体重 16～ 18g的小鼠 60只随机分成 6组 ,镉染毒的低、中、高和最高 4个剂量组分别皮下注射氯化镉溶液 (按镉计 0 4、0 8、1 6、3 2mg/kg) ,每天 1次 ,每周连续 4d ,共 7周 ;锌保护组在注射 1 6mg/kg氯化镉的同时饮用ZnSO4(3 5 0 μg/L)溶液 ;阴性对照组注射等量的蒸馏水 ;染毒结束后测定小鼠的主要血液学指标。结果　随着镉染毒剂量的增加 ,红细胞、血红蛋白、血细胞比容 (HCT)、平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量等红细胞指标亦逐步下降 ,其中高、最高剂量组均显著低于对照组和低剂量组 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ;锌保护组以上指标与对照组比较中除HCT指标差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )外 ,其余各项指标均接近对照组 ;各组白细胞总数随剂量加大逐步升高 ,最高剂量组升高明显 (P <0 0 1) ,各组粒细胞比例、单核细胞比例逐步下降 ,淋巴细胞比例升高 ;但对血小板影响不明显。结论　亚慢性镉中毒能致小鼠贫血 (小细胞低色素性贫血 ) 。Objective To study the effects of the sub chronic cadmium poisoning on haemalogical parameter changes in mice and the protective effect of zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4). Methods 60 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups. Four groups of mice were subcutaneously exposed to cadmium at the doses of 0 4、0 8、1 6、3 2 mg/kg cadmium chloride,once a day, four days a week for 7 weeks. The zinc protection group was fed with ZnSO 4 solution(350 μg/L)when exposed to cadmium. The normal controls were injected distilled water only. Then the main haemalogical parameters were tested. Results In the high and the highest cadmium poisoning groups, red blood cell(RBC)、hemoglobin(Hb)、hematocrit(HCT)、mean corpuscular volume(MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) decreased significantly than those in the lower dose groups and control group( P <0 01 or P <0 05). In the high cadmium poisoning group with ZnSO 4,all parameters were normal except HCT were lower than that in the normal group( P <0 05).The number of WBC increased significantly with the doses of cadmium increased( P <0 01).Conclusion Sub chronic cadmium poisoning can cause anemia of the mice,but ZnSO 4 can normalize the anemia.

关 键 词：镉 小鼠 贫血 锌保护 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]