乙醇对大鼠肝窦内皮细胞窗孔的影响  

The influence of alcohol on the liver sinusoids endothelial cell fenestrae of rats

作　　者：王炳元[1] 傅宝玉[1] 张健[1] 鞠晓华[1] 曹艳雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院消化内科,沈阳110001

出　　处：《中华肝脏病杂志》2004年第8期479-481,共3页Chinese Journal of Hepatology

摘　　要：目的 研究慢性乙醇摄取对大鼠肝窦内皮细胞(LSEC)窗孔的影响。 方法 用乙醇直接灌胃的方法建立大鼠酒精性肝病动物模型,并于开始灌胃4周末、8周末、12周末,以及停止灌酒后(用平衡饲料继续喂养)12周末,分别处死实验组及对照组动物,经心脏灌流后取肝脏组织行HE染色和透射电镜观察LSEC窗孔的动态变化。 结果 正常的LSEC扁平,胞核及细胞器排列规则,远侧胞质呈薄片状,有许多窗孔,内皮下缺乏基底膜(BM);乙醇喂养4周末,可见部分LSEC远侧胞质窗孔数减少,但BM未形成;8周末,窗孔数明显减少或消失,内皮下开始有不完全的BM形成,同时有功能活跃的纤维母细胞形成;12周末进一步加重,甚至可见完整的BM形成,但这种改变也多限于单个或邻近的窦状隙内,极少有广泛的纤维化形成;停药12周末,失窗孔及内皮下BM形成明显减轻。 结论 随着乙醇的慢性刺激LSEC的去窗孔化和BM的形成也逐渐发生,严重时可形成肝窦毛细血管化和肝纤维化;这种早期即有局限性的去窗孔化改变和毛细血管化的生成可能是形成酒精性周围型纤维化的基础;去除病因后这种肝纤维化是可逆的。Objective To study the influence of alcohol on the liver sinusoids endothelial cell (LSEC) fenestrae of rats. Methods Setting up the rat model of alcoholic liver disease by orogastric administration of alcohol, then kill the experimental and control groups of rats at the end of 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after alcohol feeding, and also at the end of another 12 weeks after balance foods feeding succeeding with alcohol feeding for 12 weeks. Staining the liver tissue by means of HE method and observing the successive change of LSEC fenestrae by transmission electron microscope. Results The normal LSEC was flat with nucleus and organelle arranged regularly. The distal cytoplasm displayed as lamina with many fenestrae, not accompanied by basement membrane (BM) formation under the endothelial cell. At the end of 4 weeks of alcohol feeding, fenestrae decreased at the partial distal LSEC cytoplasm, but no BM developed. At the end of 8 weeks, fenestrae decreased significantly, even disappeared, with the BM developed incompletely under the endothelial cell. Concomitantly, fibroblast with active function developed. At the end of 12 weeks, the changes became more obvious; the complete BM could even be seen. However, this kind of changes was mostly limited in the single or adjoining sinusoids, as well as with little widespread formation of fibrosis. At the end of 12 weeks of stopping alcohol feeding, defenestrae and development of BM attenuated obviously. Conclusions The defenestrae and BM of LSEC develop gradually with the chronic alcohol stimulation. Sinusoid capillarization and liver fibrosis even form when significant changes happen. The early change of the limited defenestrae and capillarization may be the basis of alcohol periportal fibrosis formation. This kind of liver fibrosis can be reversible after stopping alcohol feeding.

关 键 词：乙醇 大鼠 肝窦内皮细胞窗孔 精性肝病 肝窦毛细血管化 肝纤维化 

分 类 号：R575[医药卫生—消化系统]