儿童晕厥30例病因及临床资料分析  

Etiologic analysis of 30 cases of syncope in children

作　　者：刘芳[1] 王志刚 黄国英[1] 盛锋[1] 陆颖[1] 梁雪村[1] 徐素梅[1] 宁寿葆[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院心血管中心,上海200032 [2]上海江湾医院儿科,200434

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》2004年第11期660-662,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的　分析小儿晕厥的发病情况及病因。方法　回顾性分析复旦大学附属儿科医院 1995年 6月至2 0 0 4年 6月以“晕厥或头晕”主诉收治住院的 30例患儿临床资料。结果　 30例患儿年龄在 2～ 13( 9 4± 2 7)岁 ,男 12例 ,女 18例。神经系统疾病晕厥 12例 ,占 4 0 0 % ,包括颅内动脉供血不足 7例 ,癫疒间1例 ,癔症 2例 ,脑震荡 1例 ,发作性头晕肘痛 1例 ;心源性晕厥 7例 ,占 2 3 3% ,3例为室上性心动过速 ,1例为长Q T综合征伴阵发性尖端扭转性室速 ,另 3例为法洛四联症缺氧发作 ;月经失血性贫血 1例 ,占 3 3% ;其余 10例病因不明 ,占 33 3% ,其中 2例为运动后或站立时间过久。结论　儿童晕厥发病年龄绝大多数在学龄期 ,女性多见 ,病因多种 ,有神经系统疾病、心源性等 ,青春发育期女性发生晕厥还应考虑到月经失血性贫血所致 ,另有 1/ 3患儿病因不明 ,可能为神经血管介导性晕厥 。Objective To analyse the etiology and clinical manifestations of children's syncope.Methods The records of 30 children,aged 2 to 13 years (mean age 9 4 years),who were referred to our hospital clinics for syncope or dizziness from June 1995 to June 2004,were retrospectively reviewed.Results 60% of them were female.In 20 cases (66 7%),an etiology for syncope was found as follows:neurological disorders in 12 cases (40 0%),including ischemic of intracranialis artery in 7 cases,seizure in 1 case,hysteria in 2 cases,concussion of the brain in 1 case,and episodic dizziness accompanied by elbow pain in 1 case.Cardiovascular disorders were found in 7 cases (23 3%),including supraventricular tachycardia in 3 cases,long Q T syndrome leading to ventricular tachycardia in 1 case,and tetralogy of Fallot in 3 cases.Anaemia due to menorrhagia in 1 case (3 3%).The other 10 cases (33 3%) were found with uncertain etiologies,and 2 of them were in the state of post exercise or long standing period.Conclusion Peadiatric syncope mostly occurred in school age girls,with various etiology,such as neurological,cardiological,even menorrhagia anaemia in adolescent girls.And other 30% patients with uncertain etiology may be classified as vasovagal (neurocardiogenic) syncope,who will be diagnosed with the help of tilt-testing and long-term follow-up.

关 键 词：儿童 晕厥 病因 临床资料分析 

分 类 号：R741.041[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]