“小姐”称呼语的语用特征、地理分布及其走向  

The Pragmatics, Geographic Distribution and Developing Trend of Appellation “Xiaojie”

作　　者：樊小玲[1] 胡范铸[1] 林界军[1] 马小玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学,上海200062

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2004年第4期41-47,共7页Applied Linguistics

摘　　要：“小姐”是当代汉语语言生活中一个极为常见的称呼语 ,但这一称呼语却有着多种不同的语义内涵 ,其中最重要的就是作为青年女性的泛尊称。有人认为随着社会的现代化 ,作为泛尊称 ,“小姐”的使用将越来越普遍 ;但也有人预言 ,随着生活的变化 ,青年女性将越来越排斥“小姐”称呼语。众说纷纭 ,各执一词。其实 ,语言的历时发展与共时状态密切相关 ,称呼语也不例外。通过对全国各大城市的田野调查 ,不仅可以绘制出《“小姐”称呼语“首先指称”地图》 ,说明“小姐”这一称呼语在全国范围内的语用状况及其分布 ,还可能由此把握这一称呼语的发展走向。The word “xiaojie” (? ? is an ordinary appellation in our daily life. The appellation has several different semantic connotations, of which, the most important one is the pan-honorific appellation to female youth. It is thought that, with development of society, the referred connotation will be used more and more frequently. But others argue that it will be excluded by the female youth. Actually the diachronic development of language has very close relationship with its synchronic state, it is also the case of appellation. Based on the field work in the main cities among the whole nation, a map of the semantic distribution of “xiaojie” is made to indicate the usage and its distribution, in an effort to figure out its developing trend.

关 键 词：称呼语 小姐 语用 分布 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]