哈尼语中汉语借词的历史层次  

The historical layers of Chinese loanwords in Hani

作　　者：沙加尔 徐世璇[2] 

机构地区：[1]法国科学院 [2]中国社会科学院民族研究所,100081

出　　处：《中国语文》2002年第1期55-65,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：哈尼语中的汉语借词从不同的历史时期借进,具有不同的历史层次,论文将哈尼语中的汉语借词分出现代层、近代层、古代层,现代层和近代层中又各分2个次级层,每个层次的借词都有相当一致的语音对应规律以及明显的构词和语义类别特点。现代借词是1911年之后从西南官话的云南绿春话中借入的;近代借词是在清朝前后借自西南官话的另一种地方变体;古代借词是西南官话形成之前借进的汉语借词,其中可能有一些来自于傣语和白语中的汉语借词。As Chinese loan words were assimilated into the Hani language during different.historical pe-riods, they may be stratified into distinct 'layers'. This paper divides Chinese loans in Hani intoancient, modern and contemporary layers, with two sub-divisions within the modern and contem-porary layers. The loan words belonging to each layer exhibit relatively consistent phonologicalpatterns of correspondence, as well as distinct features with regard to word formation and seman-tic categories. Ancient loans were assimilated before the emergence of SW Mandarin, includingsome which might have originated from Chinese loans in the Dai and Bai languages. Modern loanswere assimilated after 1911 from Luchun speech in Yunnan, a variety of Southwest Mandarin.Contemporary loans were assimilated before and after the Qing Dynasty from another local varietyof SW Mandarin.

关 键 词：哈尼语 汉语借词 历史层次 现代层 近代层 古代层 语音对应规律 表现形式 

分 类 号：H254[语言文字—少数民族语言] H116