汉语水平考试(HSK)等级结构中的几个系统理论问题  

Several Systematology Questions in HSK's Degree Structures

作　　者：金名[1] 红尘 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际文化交流学院,上海200433 [2]国家汉办师资处,北京100083

出　　处：《汉语学习》2002年第2期58-64,共7页Chinese Language Learning

摘　　要：从系统论的观点看 ,本文认为 ,现有的汉语水平考试体系在结构的完整、和谐与最优化方面存在欠缺。首先 ,它把“基础”、“初中等”、“高等”三个不同等级的考试简单相加 ,看作是汉语水平考试体系的完整体现 ,这与整体性应该是个要素规律组合的本来意义不符。其次 ,它的不同等级中存在着相互重叠的等级结构 ,有些结构的质量和价值与其他结构无关 ,这与各等级之间搭配合理、协调一致、平衡有序的和谐原则不符。第三 ,它的等级排列与递进并不体现个人的学习顺序 ,这与最优化所包含的结构演进过程最优、结构形态和性质最优的要求不符。因此 ,有必要调整汉语水平考试的等级结构。This article thinks that HSK has many shortcomings in the completeness, harmony and optimization of the structure. First of all, it is only a simple plus of three different degree tests (basic, elementary & middle and advanced level),yet it is regarded as a complete expression of HSK system. This is not in conformity with the original meaning of completeness that it should be a combination of elements and rules. Secondly, there is a superposition degree structure in its different degrees. The quality and value of some structure have nothing to do with the other structures. This is not in conformity with the harmonious principle that it should be reasonably matched, coherent, balanced and ordered. Thirdly, the arrangement and increase of degrees can not show the study order of individuals.This is not in conformity with the requirement of optimization, which means best structural evolution, best structure and quality. So it's necessary to adjust the degree structure of HSK.

关 键 词：等级 结构 整体性 和谐 最优化 

分 类 号：H195.1[语言文字—汉语]