我国优秀跆拳道运动员运动创伤调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Sports Injury in Chinese Elite Taekwondo Athletes

作　　者：朱丽华[1] 刘柏[1] 赵鑫[1] 陈立人[1] 卢秀栋[1] 王润强[1] 尚迎秋[1] 孟昭瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学竞技体校,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2001年第2期176-178,182,共4页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：2000年北京体育大学校管重点科学技术项目课题

摘　　要：通过对国家跆拳道奥运集训运动员进行运动创伤调查。 48名运动员 ,伤 43名 ,患病率 89.6 %。查出伤 119人次 ,人均伤病率为 2 47.9% ,平均发病年龄为 2 0 .0 5岁。发病时平均专项训练年限为 3.11年。跆拳道运动创伤主要发生在训练中 (72 .4% ) ,伤病多以急性损伤为主 (5 1.3% )。以膝关节 (36 .1% )、踝关节(13.4% )、手 (11.8% )、腰 (9.2 % )、足 (9.2 % )、会阴阴囊 (7.6 % )、大腿 (5 % )、小腿 (4 .2 % )、骨盆 (1.7% )、头部和肘关节 (各 0 .8% )为好发部位。最为常见的是髌尖末端病、踝关节韧带损伤、前臂、掌、指趾骨折、指趾关节损伤。带伤训练为 6 1.5 % ,治疗效果明显好转为 40 .9%。损伤原因为训练因素 ,局部负荷过大、缺乏保护。因此 ,提高训练水平 ,加强医务监督 ,重视对急性损伤的及时处理是减少创伤发生的重要途径。The investigation of sports injury was made in 48 athletes of the Chinese national Taekwondo team, assembling for training for the Sydney Olympic Games. Among them 43 athletes were injured. The sickness rate was 89.6%. 119 persons/time was found injured. The average sickness and injury rate was 247.9% and the average attack age is 20.05. The average fixed number of years for specific training when their diseases came on was 3.11 years. The sports injuries of Taekwondo athletes mainly occur in training (72.4%). Acute injuries mostly are the main (51.3%). The predilection areas were the knee joint (36.1%), ankle joint (13.4%), hand (11.8%), waist (9.2%), foot (9.2%), perineum and scrotum (7.6%), thigh (5%), calf (4.2%), pelvis (1.7%), head and elbow (0.8%). The most familiar injuries are disease of terminal apex patella, the injury of ankle ligament, the fracture of the forearm, palm, fingers and toes. 61.5% of the injured athletes were trained with their wounds. 40.9% of them were on the mend evidently. The causes for their injuries are the training factors—too large loading of local parts of the body and being short of protection. Therefore, the important ways to reduce injury occurrence are to improve the training level, to strengthen medical control and to attach much importance to the treatment of acute injuries in time.

关 键 词：跆拳道 优秀运动员 运动创伤 患病率 

分 类 号：G886.953[文化科学—体育训练]