小事闹大与大事化小:解读一份清代民事调解的法庭记录  

Stirring up or Settling down the Dispute:A Reading on a Piece of Tribunal Record of Civil Mediation in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：徐忠明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2004年第6期3-25,共23页Law and Social Development

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中西法律文化比较研究"(批准号 :0 1JAZJ82 0 0 0 1)的阶段性研究成果之一

摘　　要：本文以乾隆三十一年山东邹县的一起民事调解案件的法庭笔录为分析对象 ,仔细解读其中蕴涵的 ,同时也是被中外法律史学者广泛争论的若干清代司法实践问题 :一是帝国官僚的诉讼态度与小民百姓的诉讼策略 ;二是帝国衙门的纠纷解决手段 ;三是解决纠纷 (裁判 )的依据 ;四是清代法律的表达与实践。此外 ,本文不仅“深描”这份法庭笔录 ,而且把它置于广阔的帝制中国的政治结构、社会经济、日常生活、司法体制、诉讼理想和现实的语境当中进行考察。与此同时 ,受到“复调”理论的启发 ,本文在叙述风格上也作了一些尝试 ,以期通过这一文体的尝试彰显传统中国司法运作的复杂意蕴。This article is an analysis on the tribunal record of a civil mediation case which happened in County Zhou, Shandong Province in Qianlong 31. It tries to figure out such implied and world-wide controversial judicial issues of Qing Dynasty:a) the Caesarean bureaucrats' attitude toward litigation and the common people's litigation strategy, b) ways of the Caesarean yamun to settle disputes, c) the basis for the judgment, d) the legal expression and practice in Qing Dynasty. Besides, this article not only makes a deep description of this tribunal record, but also reviews it in the context of political structure, social economy, daily life, judicial system, the ideal and reality of litigation of the imperialistic China. In the meanwhile, this article adopts the “Fudiao” theory in the narrative style so as to show the subtle implications of traditional Chinese judicial performance.

关 键 词：民事调解 诉讼策略 调解技艺 清代 法律秩序 

分 类 号：D925.14[政治法律—诉讼法学]