5至8岁儿童对近的未来时间的认知  

The Temporal Cognition of the “Near Future”in 5～8-Year-Olds

作　　者：陈莹[1] 黄希庭[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南师范大学心理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学》2004年第6期1381-1385,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:30270467)资助。

摘　　要：依据时间认知的分段综合模型 ,两个实验结合空间、参照点、事件和年龄因素 ,分别考察 5至 8岁儿童对未来一周和未来一年时间的认知特点。结果表明在这 2种时域内 :(1 ) 5至 7岁儿童有使用直线性空间标尺和固定时间参照点进行判断的特性 ;(2 ) 5至 8岁儿童表现出”两极化”的认知趋势 ,其判断受事件性质的影响 ;(3) 5至 8岁儿童表现出跨时域的认知差异 ,认知能力随年龄递增 ,7岁可能是发展的转折阶段。Based on the range-synthesis model,two experiments were conducted in the time ran ges of one week or one year in the future respectively to examine 5～8-ye a r-olds' characteristics of temporal cognition with the four factors of space,r eferenc e-point,event,and age.The results showed that in both of the two ti me ranges:(1) Children aged 5 to 7 years showed the characteristics of ch o osing the beeline for the spatial scale and judging from fixed reference-points ; (2) The temporal cognition of the 5～8-year-olds showed a “polarization” tendency ,and was influenced by the properties of the events;(3) The temporal cognition of children aged 5 to 8 years varied in different time ranges,and the cog ni tive ability improved with age,and the age of 7 seemed to be a turning point.

关 键 词：5-8岁 儿童 未来时间 认知特点 直线性空间标尺 参照点 时序 时距 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]