下鼓室窦的应用解剖  

Applied anatomical study on hypotympanumic sinus

作　　者：赵恒珂[1] 李光宗[1] 鞠学红[1] 赵炳辉[1] 曹焕军[1] 朱世杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院解剖学教研室,潍坊261042

出　　处：《解剖学研究》2004年第1期45-47,i003,共4页Anatomy Research

摘　　要：目的　研究下鼓室窦的形态及变异 ,为下鼓室及迷路下显微外科手术提供应用解剖学资料。方法　用 2 0 0例骨标本在XSQ～Ⅱ型手术显微镜下解剖观察了下鼓室 ;其中 10例标本经CT扫描拍片后用X线图象对照解剖观察。结果　下鼓室底以复层窦或单复层窦混合存在者多见 ,无窦者仅见 3 0 % ,窦腔壁有 6 6 0 %的标本由片状骨板围成 ,骨柱或骨嵴构成者较少见。下鼓室窦向内侧与迷路下窦相连续 ,在岩部骨质内向下扩展可深至鼓部骨板下 1/3平面水平 ,见 12 0 % ,此窦在CT扫描中清晰可见。鼓室内侧壁的岬表面可见岬窦 ,出现率 2 6 0 % ,内侧壁的岬下有迷路下腔者见 5 7 0 %。下鼓室前壁有下鼓室隐窝者占 6 6 0 % ,前壁有下鼓室窦覆盖 ,无窦覆盖并见颈动脉管隆起者见 7 0 %。结论　下鼓室窦存在于底壁及内侧壁 ,对此区手术时保护颈内静脉及下鼓室神经切除术均有实际应用意义。Objective To provide applied anatomic data for the microsurgery of hypotympanum and infralabyrinthine by studying the shape and variation of hypotympanumic sinus. Methods The hypotympanumic sinus were observed on 200 bone specimens under XSQ-Ⅱ surgical microscope. For the purpose of control study,bone specimens were observed under X-ray after CT scan. Results The bottom of hypotympanum with mullisection sinus or monosection and mullisection sinus were more than other ones,and the ones without sinus were only 1.7%. Of all the sinus paricties,there were 66.0% formed by sheet bone lamella,while the others by bone pole or bone crest are a few. hypotympanum is next to inferior sinus of labyrinth. The tympanic part bone lamelle can be divided into three equal segment The persent of hypotympanum extending downwards to the inferior segment of the tympanic part bone lamella in pertrous part was 12.0%. The sinus is obvious in CT scan. There may be promontroy sinus on the promontory surface of The endoparietes of tympanic cavity,and the rate was 26.0%. The persent of inferior cavity of labyrinth under endoparietes promontory was 57.0%. The persent of the foreparietes of hypotympanic sinus which has hypotympanic recess was 66.0%. The foreparietes of hypotympanum was covered by hypotympanic sinus and only 7.0% ones had no sinus but the bare eminenle of carotid canal. Conclusions Hypotympanic sinus lies in inferior parietes and endoparietes,the sinus is significant to protect internal jugular vein in operation,as well as inferior tympanic nerve excision.

关 键 词：鼓室 迷路 CT扫描 应用解剖 骨板 标本 颈内静脉 结论 实际 图象 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]