无性系速生杉木的化学组成及其高聚糖在蒸煮过程中溶出特性的研究  

Studies on the Chemical Composition and Dissolving Properties of Polysaccharidies of Fast-growing Chinese Fir Clones during KP and KP-AQ Processes

作　　者：陆亚明[1] 王佩卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林产化工系,浙江省造纸印刷工业集团公司

出　　处：《中国造纸学报》1994年第1期87-92,共6页Transactions of China Pulp and Paper

摘　　要：本文比较分析了五个无性系速生杉木变种之间以及变种与原种之间的化学组成，并且对生长速度最快的杉木变种的高聚糖在蒸煮过程中的溶出特性也进行了探讨。研究结果表明：杉木各变种之间的化学组成没有引起很大的变异，但与杉木原种相比是有差异的。组成杉木变种的高聚糖中各种单糖在ＫＰ和ＫＰ－ＡＱ法蒸煮过程中的溶出百分率有如下顺序：葡萄糖＜甘露糖＜木糖＜阿拉伯糖＜半乳糖＜糖醛酸。碳水化合物的总损失ＫＰ法为３８．４９％，而ＫＰ－ＡＱ法为３４．８５％。在１７０℃以前，失去的碳水化合物主要来自半纤维素；而在１７０℃以后，则主要来自纤维素。由此看来，缩短保温时间有利纸浆的质量。成浆高聚糖的ＤＰ，ＫＰ法为８８９，ＫＰ－ＡＱ法为９２４，因此ＫＰ－ＡＱ法比ＫＰ法更适合于速生杉木制浆。Comparative Studies have been conducted on the chemical compositions of five fast-growing Chinese Fir clones and conventional Chinese Fir. In addition, the dissolving properties of polysaccharides during the cooking of the fast-growing clones are also being investigated. The results show that no obvious difference has been observed in the chemical compositions among the five clones, but compared with the conventional Chinese Fir, differences are conspicuous. The losses in total carbohydrates during KP and KP-AQ processes are 38.49% and 34.85% respectively. The components in the lost carbohydrates are mainly hemicelluloses before 170℃ and celluloses afterwards. and the dissolving percentages of five sugars and uronic acid are in the following order : glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose. galactose. uronic acid. The DP of polysaccharides in KP pulps is 889, and 924 in KP-AQ pulp. It is concluded, then, KP-AQ is a more appropriate method for pulping.

关 键 词：杉木 速生 无性系 变种 原种 碳水化合物 生长速度 蒸煮过程 AQ KP法 

分 类 号：TS74[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程] S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]