有氧及无氧训练对血浆电解质及微量元素的影响  

The Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Training on the Serum Levels of Electrolytes and Trace Elements

作　　者：李闻捷[1] 张建荣[1] 张军[1] 李国强[2] 徐玉莲[1] 惠小阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学长海医院中心实验室,上海200433 [2]上海体育学院,上海200433

出　　处：《现代临床医学生物工程学杂志》2004年第5期390-392,共3页Journal of Modern Clinical Medical Bioengineering

摘　　要：目的　探讨中长跑有氧与无氧训练对血浆电解质及部分微量元素的影响 .方法　上海市及上海体院田径队中长跑运动员 ,根据个人运动专长 ,安排相应专项训练 ;12名进行有氧训练 ,14名进行无氧训练 ,分别在训练前及运动后即刻抽静脉血 ,检测血乳酸等电解质及微量元素铁、铜的水平 .结果　①两组训练后 ,血乳酸、Na、Cl及无机磷(P)水平均显著升高 (p <0 .0 1) ;无氧组训练后 ,血清总钙 (Ca)及血清铁 (Fe)水平均显著升高 (p <0 .0 1) .②两组训练后 ,Cu水平显著下降 (p <0 .0 1,下降幅度均达 35 %以上 ) ;无氧组训练后 ,K水平有下降趋势 (p =0 .0 6 ) .③有氧组训练后 ,乳酸升高与K水平呈显著相关 ((r=- 0 .6 73,p <0 .0 5 ) ;无氧组训练后 ,乳酸升高与Mg水平显著相关 (r=0 .5 5 1,p<0 .0 5 ) ,与Na水平呈极显著相关 (r=0 .731,p <0 .0 1) .结论　①有氧、无氧训练对电解质及微量元素水平的影响明显不同 .②无氧训练较有氧训练更需注意运动后电解质紊乱 ,尤需注意运动后血钙水平的升高及血钾水平的下降 .Objective To study the effect of aerobic and anaerobic training on the serum levels of electrolytes and trace elements. Methods 26 middle and long distance athletes were selected from the track and field team of Shanghai City and Shanghai Institute of Physical Education and div ided into two groups (12 for aerobic training and 14 for anaerobic training). Ev ery athlete was trained using a specific training program designed according to the athlete's ability. Blood was drawn from the vein before and soon after the t raining. Biochemistry tests including the level of serum lactic acid, electrolyt es, and trace elements were detected. Results ①The serum level s of lactic acid,sodium,chlorine and phosphorus (inorganic phosphate) were si gnificantly in both groups after training (p<0.019. The serum leve ls of calcium and iron were significantly increased in anaerobic training group (p<0.01). ② The serum level of copper was significantly dec reased by 35% in both groups. The serum level of potassium was tended to decreas e in anaerobic training group without statistical significance (p= 0.06). ③The increased serum level of lactic acid was correlated with the serum level of potassium in aerobic training group (r=-0.673,p<0.05). T he increased serum level of lactic acid was correlated with the serum level of m agnesium (r=0.551, p<0.05) and was significantly correlated with t he serum level of sodium (r=0.731,p< 0.01 ). Conclusion ①The effects of aerobic and anaerobic training on the serum levels of electrolytes and trace elements are different. ② More attention should b e paid to the disorder of serum electrolytes in anaerobic training than in aerob ic training, especially the increased level of calcium and decreased level of po tassium.

关 键 词：升高 运动后 血浆 电解质 影响 微量元素 训练 平显 平均 幅度 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]