8～12岁超常与常态儿童的检测时比较  

THE INSPECTION TIME OF 8 - 12 YEARS OLD SUPERNORMAL AND NORMAL CHILDREN

作　　者：程 黎[1] 施建农[1] 刘正奎[1] 曲小军[1] 赵大恒 王竹颖 毛莉莉 庄 婕 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理健康重点实验室 [2]北京八中,北京100032 [3]北京育民小学,北京100045

出　　处：《心理学报》2004年第6期712-717,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：本研究得到国家自然科学基金项目(30370489)中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCXZ-SW-211)北京市重点实验室--首都师范大学<学习与认知实验室>经费资助国家教育科学十五规划重点项目(GBB010921)的支持。

摘　　要：研究者采用两种视觉检测时任务,比较了8至12岁超常和常态儿童的检测时发展变化特点。结果发现:随着年龄的增长,超常组和常态组儿童的检测时都呈现出逐步减小的趋势,并且对于不同任务的检测时,两组儿童的发展速度不同,但均未表现出性别差异;在不同的年龄段和不同的检测时任务中,超常组儿童的检测时均显著地快于常态组儿童。通过对两组儿童的检测时发展速率的比较还发现,儿童的检测时发展基本上不受学校知识或经验的影响。另外,两组儿童的检测时和智力测验分数之间都有中等程度的负相关。Two typical visual inspection time tasks, line inspection time and digital inspection time, were employed in the present experiment. 172 children aged from 8- to 12-years-old (83 intellectual supernormal and 89 normal) were tested individually with the two IT tasks on computer. Meanwhile, in order to get their IQ scores, all subjects were asked to complete Cattell's cultur efair test. The schooling effect on speed of information processing was explored in the present study too. The results indicated that the inspection time of supernormal and normal children decreased gradually as their ages increased, but the developmental speeds or developmental curves were different on different inspection time tasks. There were no significant gender differences in the two tasks and three types of ages. Moreover, the inspection time of supernormal children was significantly faster than the normal children on the tasks in different ages. The correlation coefficients between inspection time and IQ scores in both supernormal and normal children were significant. And no schooling effects on children's speed of information processing (IT) were found. Comparing the developmental speed of the inspection time of the two samples, suggested that the knowledge and experience from schools have no effects on the development of children's inspection time. And the correlations between inspection time and IQ scores of both groups are significant.

关 键 词：超常儿童 检测时 智力 信息加工速度 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]