西藏八一镇—邛多江公路沙害成因与治理  

Formation cause and typical sections control of blown sand disasters along highway from Bayi Town to Qiongduojiang in Tibet

作　　者：邹学勇[1] 刘玉璋[2] 张春来[1] 董光荣[2] 刘连友[1] 高尚玉[1] 史培军[1] 严平[1] 哈斯[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学中国沙漠研究中心 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2004年第6期15-24,共10页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：教育部"部跨世纪优秀人才培养计划"基金资助项目(2003~2005)

摘　　要：八一镇—邛多江公路是西藏东南部的重要国防交通线,也是藏东公路南环线的主要环节,在全长438km里程中约有400km穿行于雅鲁藏布江河谷。公路自1972年投入运营以来,因雅鲁藏布江两岸的河流相沙质沉积物和河谷风场的综合作用,导致风沙活动十分活跃,沙害路段多达25处,严重阻碍了公路的畅通。对公路两侧固定沙丘研究发现,风沙活动最晚始于约3万年前,目前的沙害是公路选线欠合理,以及施工破坏边坡和植被情况下风沙再次活跃的结果。为了有利于实施治理工程,依据沙害路段所处的地貌位置、形成沙害的沙源和风场特征,将公路沙害划分为边滩沙源型、阶地沙源型和滑塌沙源型3类。通过对典型沙害路段治理试验研究,确定治理工程体系以乔、灌木为主体,适当增加草本植物,辅之以阻沙、固沙和导沙3种应急性机械措施。The highway, from Bayi Town to Qiongduojiang, is very important for national defence, and is also the main part of circularity highway in southeast Tibet. There is about 400km length of the total 438km in the Yalung Zangbo valley. Because of the compositive action of wind field and fluvial sandy deposit formed in Yalung Zangbo River, the highway has suffered from blown sand disasters severely since coming into operation in 1972, 25 stricken sections have baffled traffic. The result of study on fixed dunes beside the highway indicates that blown sand phenomenon has occurred since 30 ka B. P., present blown sand disasters are the result of unreasonable line choice,destroyed side slop and vegetation. In order to actualize disaster control engineering better, blown sand disasters have been divided into three types: bottomland sand source, terrace sand source and coast substance sand source, according as physiognomy position, sand source and wind field characteristics of stricken sections. Based on the cut-and-try works on typical stricken sections, the engineering systems consist of arbor, shrub and herbaceous plants, and auxiliary measures such as obstruction, fixation and channel off, have been confirmed.

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江河谷 公路 沙害 成因 治理 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]