含内生硬质碳化物颗粒的金属堆焊层的抗磨性能及磨损机理  

Wear Resistance and Wear Mechanism of Welded Surfacing Layers Containing Internally Produced Carbide Particulates

作　　者：杨尚磊[1] 吕学勤[1] 邹增大[2] 楼松年[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学焊接研究所 [2]山东大学材料科学与工程学院,山东济南250061

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2004年第6期508-511,共4页Tribology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Z2000F02).

摘　　要：利用钛铁(Fe-Ti)、钒铁(Fe-V)、石墨和金红石等组分的电弧冶金反应合成了含TiC和VC硬质碳化物颗粒的金属堆焊层;采用MLD-10型动载荷摩擦磨损试验机考察了金属堆焊层的抗磨性能,探讨了其磨损机理.采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜分析了堆焊层的相组成\微结构及磨损表面形貌.结果表明:含硬质碳化物颗粒的金属堆焊层具有良好的耐磨粒磨损性能,其单位面积磨损质量损失仅为EDZCr-C-15焊条相应金属堆焊层的约1/9;所制备的金属堆焊层基体组织为低碳马氏体,内生硬质碳化物颗粒弥散分布于基体组织中;硬质碳化物颗粒同低碳马氏体基体表现出良好的韧性和硬度复合效果,从而有利于显著提高金属堆焊层的抗磨性能.Welded surfacing layers containing internally produced superhard TiC and VC particulates were prepared on Q235-A alloy making use of the high temperature arc metallurgic reaction among Fe-Ti, Fe-V, graphite, and rutile, etc. The abrasive wear-resistance of the resulting welded surfacing layers was evaluated on an MLD-10 friction and wear tester, using the surfacing layer made from EDZCr-C-15 welding rod as a reference. The phase compositions and microstructures and worn surface morphology of the welded surfacing layers were analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, while the macrohardness and microhardness were comparatively investigated as well. As the results, the surfacing layers containing dispersively distributed carbides particulates had much better abrasive wear-resistance than the one made from the EDZCr-C-15 welding rod, though they had a little bit larger hardness than the latter. The greatly increased wear-resistance of the welded surfacing layers containing the superhard carbides particulates was thus attributed to their special phase compositions and microstructures. Namely, the target welded surfacing layers were composed of lath martensite as the matrix which was capable of well bonding and supporting the dispersed carbides particulates and decreasing the abrasion energy by way of plastic deforming. In other words, the superhard carbides particulates and the soft lath martensite matric had well balanced hardness and toughness, which contributed to greatly increase the wear-resistance of the welded surfacing layers containing the superhard carbides particulates.

关 键 词：电弧冶金 金属堆焊层 抗磨性能 磨损机理 

分 类 号：TG422.3[金属学及工艺—焊接] TH117.3[机械工程—机械设计及理论]