跳水“压水花”技术运动生物力学研究  

Biomechanical Analysis on Rip Entry Technique of Diving

作　　者：钱竞光[1] 张松宁[2] 金海泉 

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院运动人体科学系,江苏南京210014 [2]美国田纳西州立大学健康运动科学系,美国tn37996 [3]江苏省跳水队,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《体育科学》2004年第12期49-53,共5页China Sport Science

基　　金：江苏省科委立项课题 ;江苏省教育厅自然科学研究计划(0 2 KJB890 0 0 1)

摘　　要：“压水花”是竞技跳水比赛中的关键技术 ,在训练中已经探索总结出不少“压水花”技术的训练方法 ,但在理论研究上 ,还远落后于实践。应用有关力学原理和流固耦合理论 ,对人、水碰撞过程进行简化和计算机模拟 ,并对“水花”形成的机理进行进一步的分析探讨 ,总结出不同形状固体 (运动员入水时的手形 )、在不同条件下撞击水面时“水花”形成的规律 ,根据计算机模拟结果和理论研究的成果 ,对“压水花”技术进行生物力学研究 ,提出“平掌撞水 ,压揉结合”的水花控制理论和方法。经对江苏省跳水队部分运动员中进行实验训练 ,取得了满意的结果。Rip entry is a key element in diving competition.Many training methods of rip entry technique have been accumulated in practical training.However,theoretical research is far behind the practice.In this study,the process of initial impact between human body and water is simplified,modeled and simulated based on mechanical principle and theory of interactions between solid and fluid.The mechanism of splash formation in different condition and shapes of solid (hand patterns when entering water) are examined and summarized through computer simulation and theoretical analysis.According to result,the theory and method of splash control when entering water are put forwarded,which emphasizes the flat palms at the time of entering water.Through experimental training on some divers of Jiangsu diving team,some satisfactory results are achieved.

关 键 词：跳水 压水花 碰撞 运动生物力学分析 

分 类 号：G804.66[文化科学—运动人体科学]