温度、pH对二种淡水贝类滤水率的影响  

The Effects of Temperature and pH on the Filtration Rates of Two Species of Freshwater Mollusks

作　　者：彭建华[1] 陈文祥[1] 栾建国[2] 刘家寿[1] 程郁春[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部,中国科学院水库渔业研究所,武汉430079 [2]深圳市水务局,深圳518110

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2004年第6期2-6,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：水利部科技创新重点项目;水利部"948"项目(No.200206);深圳市水务局项目

摘　　要：实验在3m×5m×05m的控温池中进行,以小球藻作投喂饵料,利用直径40cm、高度50cm的陶瓷桶测定了不同规格下5个温度梯度(15、20、25、30、35℃)和5个pH梯度(5、6、7、8、9)背角无齿蚌和三角帆蚌的滤水率,其结果显示①5g左右的三角帆蚌在pH值为7时滤水率最大(0935mlg·min);②平均湿重为(2974±225)g,(611±71)g,(232±54)g的背角无齿蚌的滤水率在20～30℃间较高,以30℃最大,达10884mlg·min。随着规格的增大,背角无齿蚌的滤水率逐渐减少,这种趋势在20、25℃时表现得更为明显。③平均湿重为(3943±307)g,(1055±142)g,(302±58)g的三角帆蚌在水温20、25和30℃时的滤水率均远远大于其它2个温度梯度,中规格蚌的滤水率在30℃最大,大规格和小规格蚌的滤水率均在25℃时最大。The filtration rates of different sizes in shellfishes Anodonta woodiana woodiana and Hyriopsis cumingi were determined at 5 different temperatures (15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃ and 35℃) and 5 different pH values (5,6,7,8 and 9) fed with Chlorella sp. The shellfishes were cultured in cylinder tanks of 40?cm in diameter and 50?cm in height, and the tanks were kept in a temperaturecontrolled reservoir of 3?m×5?m×0 5?m. The results show that: ①the biggest filtration rate (0 935?ml/g·min)in H.cumingi of about 5?g in weight was observed at the pH value of 7;②the filtration rates in A.w.woodiana of 297 4±22 5?g, 61 1±7 1?g and 23 2±5 4?g in weight in 20-30℃ were much higher than that in 15℃ and in 35℃, peaking at 30℃ with a value of 1 088?4?ml/g·min. The filtration rates decreased with increasing weight, and this trend was more significant at 20℃ and 25℃; ③the filtration rates in H.cumingi of 394 3±30 7?g,105 5± 14 2?g and 30 2±5 8?g in weight in 20-30℃ were also much higher than that in 15℃ and in 35℃, peaking at 30℃ for the medium sized shellfish and at 25℃ for the small and large sized shellfish.

关 键 词：温度 PH 影响 滤水率 背角无齿蚌 三角帆蚌 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]