成渝两地专业技术人员职业紧张常模的分级标准及应用  

The scale and application of the norm of occupational stress on the professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area

作　　者：曾繁华[1] 王治明[2] 王绵珍[2] 兰亚佳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中医药大学华神药业有限责任公司,成都610075 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院劳动卫生学教研室

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2004年第6期431-434,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 9970 63 2 )

摘　　要：目的　建立专业技术人员职业紧张的分级评价标准 ,并应用于实践。方法　将职业紧张常模的原始分转化为均数为 5 0 ,标准差为 10的总分 (T分 ) ,根据正态分布原理制订评价标准。结果　 (1)在职业任务和个体紧张反应问卷中 ,T≥ 70分者职业任务过重 ,紧张反应程度过高 ;T值范围在 6 0～ 6 9分者职业任务较重 ,紧张反应程度较高 ;T值在 4 0～ 5 9分者职业任务和紧张反应适度 ;T<4 0分者无职业紧张和紧张反应。应对资源问卷中 ,T <30分者显示应对资源不足 ;T值范围在 30～39分者较为缺乏应对资源 ;T值范围在 4 0～ 5 9分者具有较强的应对资源 ;T≥ 6 0分者显示有很强的应对资源。 (2 )分别制作了总体常模、男性和女性常模初分转换表 ;工程技术人员、卫生技术人员、金融业务人员、法律业务人员、教学人员、新闻出版人员常模初分转换表。根据初分转换表制作了总体得分图表、男性得分图表、女性得分图表和职业得分图表。结论　根据专业技术人员职业紧张常模 ,建立了职业紧张分级标准 ,可对个体及组织进行职业紧张程度评价、职业咨询和干预措施的选择等。Objective To establish the scale of the norm of occupational stress on the professionals and put it into practice. Methods T scores were linear transformations of raw scores,derived to have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.The scale standard of the norm was formulated in line with the principle of normal distribution. Results (1)For the occupational role questionnaire(ORQ) and personal strain questionnaire(PSQ) scales,high scores suggested significant levels of occupational stress and psychological strain,respectively.T scores ≥ 70 indicated a strong probability of maladaptive stress,debilitating strain,or both.T scores in 60～69 suggested mild levels of maladaptive stress and strain,and in 40～59 were within one standard deviation of the mean and should be interpreted as being within normal range.T scores <40 indicated a relative absence of occupational stress or psychological strain.For the personal resources questionnaire(PRQ) scales,high scores indicated highly developed coping resources.T scores <30 indicated a significant lack of coping resources.T scores in 30～39 suggested mild deficits in coping skills,and in 40～59 indicated average coping resources,whereas higher scores(i.e.,≥60) indicated increasingly strong coping resources.(2)This study provided raw score to T score conversion tables for each OSI R scale for the total normative sample as well as for gender,and several occupational groups,including professional engineer,professional health care,economic business,financial business,law,education and news.OSI R profile forms for total normative samples,gender and occupation were also offered according to the conversion tables. Conclusion The norm of occupational stress can be used as screening tool,organizational/occupational assessment,guide to occupational choice and intervention measures.

关 键 词：职业紧张 紧张反应 常模 应对 男性 问卷 女性 根据 范围 专业技术人员 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]