中国烟草赤星病菌致病力在地理上和品种中分化状况的研究  

OCCURRENCE IN TOBACCO CULTIVARS AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA IN CHINA

作　　者：董汉松[1] 初明光 杨合同 田福海 张修国[1] 王智发[1] 姜广正[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学,泰安271018 [2]山东武阳县农业局 [3]山东省生物研究所 [4]山东沂水县烟草公司

出　　处：《山东科学》1993年第2期22-29,共8页Shandong Science

摘　　要：从来自全国6大烟区11个主产烟省的烤烟和晒晾烟的14个品种上获得300多个分离物,从中鉴定出168个烟草赤星病菌;经接种测定研究了病菌致病力的组成及其地理分化和在不同品种中的发生情况。病菌致病力的地理分布有3种类型,广东、吉林2省为强致病力分布型;川、陕、鄂、皖、鲁5省为中致病力分布型;闽、豫、湘3省为弱致病力分布型。结合品种抗性测定分析提出,强致病力菌株主要发生在抗病性较强的品种中,而弱致病力菌株则主要发生在抗病性较弱的品种中。More than 300 isolates of Alternaria spp. are obtained from about 100 samples collected from 14 cvs of Nicotiana tabacum in 11 provinces which are the main areas of tobacco production and subordinated to 6 geographical districts in China. Of the isolates, 168 strains were identificated as Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler, the pathogen of tobacco brown spot. The pathogenicity compositions of these strains are studied by artificial inoculation with an attempt to testify the geographical distribution and occurring situation on tobacco cvs of the pathogen. Three models of geographical distribution of pathogenicity are established. The model of strong pathogenicity is characterized as Guangdong and Jilin provinces for their stain components, of weak pathogenicity as 3 provinces which are Fujian, Henan and Hunan, and of middle pathogenicity as 5 provinces which are Sichuan, Shanxi, Hebei, Anhui, and Shandong. Based on the observations on the plant cvs planted in 11 provinces and the examinations to the brown spot resistance of 21 eve, a tendency is suggested that the starins with strong pathogenicity are mainly from tobacco cvs with stronger resistance to the diseass, which are NC89 and Zhongyan15 belonged to flue-cured type and Aobe12 and Maryland609 belonged to sun-and air-cured type of tobacco. The contributing factors for the occurrence in cvs and geographical distribution of pathogenicity of the pathogen are discussed based on the comprehensive analysis about cultivar planting, brown spot epidemic and related climatic conditions in 11 provinces.

关 键 词：烟草 赤星病菌 致病力 地理 品种 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]