论现代汉语方言祈使语气词"着"的形成  

On the Formation of Imperative Mood Marker 着(zhe) in Contemporary Chinese Dialects

作　　者：邢向东[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西710062

出　　处：《方言》2004年第4期311-323,共13页Dialect

基　　金：本文是国家社科基金项目<秦晋两省黄河沿岸方言的现状与历史研究>(02BYY006)的阶段性成果;并得到国家博士后科学基金的资助。

摘　　要：本文从现代汉语方言出发,结合近代汉语语法的研究成果,讨论方言中祈使语气词"着"的形成。"着"可分为"着1"和"着2","着1"大多伴随着持续意义,是唐宋以来"着"表祈使用法单一化的结果,它在方言中的保留与西北官话和晋语等方言的陈述句中"VO着"的语序有极大关系。"着2"表先行意义,是"着1"在"(等/先+VP了)+着"结构中进一步语法化的结果。This article mainly discusses the formation of the imperative mood marker 着 in contemporary Chinese dialects from a synchronic / diachronic perspective. The author argues that the mood marker 着 may have two functions: 1) 着 1, a continuous aspect marker formed as a result of specialization of imperative usage which initiated in the Tang-Song period. The reason of this aspect marker still being used in some dialects of Northwest Mandarin and Jin dialects may be the word order VO 着 in declarative sentence in these dialects. 2) 着, a continuous aspect marker expressing immediate future formed as a result of grammaticalization of 着 1 in the structure (着/着+ VP着) + 着.

关 键 词：祈使 现代汉语方言 语气词 晋语 官话 语法化 近代汉语 唐宋 意义 单一化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]