以赛亚·伯林自由主义宪政思想批判  

Criticism of Isaiah Berlin's Liberalist Constitutionalism

作　　者：张国清[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学法学院政治学与行政管理系,杭州310028

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2005年第1期85-89,共5页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

摘　　要：伯林试图解答的主要政治难题为“消极自由”和“积极自由”这两种自由概念;伯林强调了在现代社会里首先应当维护消极自由的理由以及无节制消极自由也会导致不良后果的现实,伯林还论证了人类价值多样性和冲突必然性;伯林自由主义宪政思想的遗产在于提出,政治文明的核心是宪政文明,宪政文明的一个重要方面是根据具体社会历史条件变迁不断修订和完善现有基本社会制度,基本制度设置的核心理论依据或指导思想将完成从一元论到多元论的转向,基本制度设置的重心将完成从维护制度利益或公共权力到维护公民利益或个人权利的转向,从而为后人探索进一步完善社会基本制度指明方向。The political problems Berlin tries to solve are two concepts of “negative liberty” and “positive liberty”. Berlin emphasizes the reason why in modern society negative liberty should be first protected and the reality that unlimited negative liberty can also results in ill results. He also expounds the multiple character of human value and necessity of conflict. Heritage of his liberalist constitutionalism lies in his proposal that core of political civilization is constitutional civilization, an important part of which is to devise and improve existing fundamental social systems according to the change of specific historical conditions. Key theoretical foundation or ideology for the establishment of the system will achieve the transition from monism to pluralism and the focus of the establishment will achieve the transition from maintaining systematic interests or public right to maintaining citizens' interests or personal right so as to show the direction for later generations to improve fundamental social systems.

关 键 词：伯林 自由主义 宪政思想 

分 类 号：B512[哲学宗教—外国哲学]