城市公园湖水体中异养菌与主要污染物的相关性研究  

A correlative study on heterotrophic bacteria and the main pollutant in city lakes' water

作　　者：黄丽静[1] 运珞珈[1] 王琳[1] 张小荷[1] 罗启芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院环境医学研究所,武汉430030

出　　处：《卫生研究》2005年第1期52-54,共3页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30271104)

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市公园湖水体中异养菌的分布特点及其与主要污染物的相关性,为公园湖的生物修复提供依据。方法选择武汉市中山公园瀑屏湖(P)和动物园墨水湖(M)为研究对象,分别用国家标准方法测定其水体总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总有机碳(TOC)和化学需氧量(CODcr),并对水体和底泥分别进行细菌培养。结果P湖CODcr平均值为8934mgL,TOC平均值为5125mgL,TP平均值为0089mgL,TN平均值为4739mgL;M湖CODcr平均值为86296mgL,TOC平均值为13255mgL,TP平均值为1796mgL,TN平均值为7325mgL。从两水体共分离鉴定优势菌10株,分别为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)3株,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)3株,肠杆菌科(Enterobateriaceae)1株,球菌2株,气单胞菌(Aeromonas)1株。水体中微生物以假单胞菌较多,底泥中芽孢杆菌比例相对增加,两水体中细菌量平均为190×103CFUml和553×104CFUml,底泥中细菌量平均为312×105CFUg和506×105CFUg。结论根据景观水体的环境质量标准,武汉市P湖和M湖水质污染较严重;水中细菌主要是革兰氏阴性杆菌,以假单胞菌属占优势,革兰氏阳性菌主要是芽孢杆菌,还有部分球菌;M湖中细菌种类及数量均高于P湖,各污染指标有一定相关性。Objective To provide scientific basis for bioremediation of city lake, the distribution of heterotrophic bacteria and its correlation with major pollutions condition were studied. Methods Puping Lake and Moshui Lake of Wu Han City were choosen as the objects of our study. COD_~cr , TOC, TP and TN were determined in sampled freshwater and sediment via the standard methods. At the same time the bacteria was cultivated. Results The average value of COD_~cr , TOC, TP and TN were 8. 934mg/L, 5.125mg/L, 0.089mg/L, 4.739mg/L in Puping Lake and 86.296mg/L,13.255mg/L, 1.796mg/L, 7.325mg/L in Moshui Lake. Ten strains of heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from the sample and they are Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Enterobateriaceae, Aeromonas and Coccus. The dominant strain in water was Pseudomonas. The proportion of Bacillus in sedimentwas relatively higher. In the two lakes, the average bacteria counts were 1.90×103 CFU and 5.53×104CFU per mL in water, 3.12×105 CFU and 5.06×105 CFU per g in sediment. Conclusion Puping Lake and Moshui Lake were polluted seriously according to the standard; Gram negative rods were the main types in water, and the dominant type was Pseudomonas, the Gram positive bacteria was Bacillus; The type and quantity of bacteria in Moshui Lake were higher than those in Puping Lake, and there were correlations between the quantity of bacteria and the pollutants.

关 键 词：城市公园湖 优势菌 污染物 相关性 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]