华南寒武纪海洋中沉积矿床及其古环境  

SEDIMENTARY ORE DEPOSITS IN CAMBRIAN OCEAN OF THE SOUTH CHINA AND THE PALEO-OCEAN ENVIRONMENTS

作　　者：陈永权[1] 蒋少涌[1] 凌洪飞[1] 杨竞红[1] 陈建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学成矿作用国家重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2005年第1期79-84,共6页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40172041; 40372059);国家自然科学重点基金项目(40232020)

摘　　要：寒武纪早期是华南的一个重要的沉积矿床形成阶段。在华南扬子板块下寒武统黑色岩系中产有大量的金属及非金属矿床,其中倍受关注的矿床有Ni Mo PGE多金属硫化物矿床、磷矿床与重晶石矿床。Ni Mo PGE多金属硫化物矿床的形成可能与海底热液喷流作用有关,成矿元素除海水源外,有部分来自深部热液;磷矿床形成于特定的浅海环境,成矿物质的聚集可能与有机质和含铁胶体有关;重晶石矿床的形成也与海底热液和有机质有关。这些矿床保存了大量的古海洋信息,对其进行深入研究可以揭示华南寒武纪大爆发时期的古海洋环境变化特征。Early Cambrian is one of the most important eras for sedimentary ore deposits in Yangtze Platform, South China. During this period a large amount of metallic and nonmetallic ore beds formed in black shale system, including Ni-Mo-PGE polymetallic sulfide, phosphorite, and barite ores. By combining previous data with our recent study, we discuss the depositional settings, the origin of metals, and their transportation and depositional mechanisms. We have the knowledge that the Ni-Mo-PGE polymetallic sulfide ores are of submarine exhalative-hydrothermal origin,with metals both coming from seawater and deep hydrothermal fluids.Phosphorites may have deposited in a special shallow-water environment,and their formations were related to organism and ferrous iron rich gels.Barite deposits were also formed in submarine hydrothermal processes,and also related to organism.In conclusion,we think that a large amount of information on paleo-ocean environments has been recorded in these sedimentary deposits,and the study of these deposits can certainly shed a light on the paleo-ocean environment change during Cambrian explosion.

关 键 词：沉积矿床 华南 多金属硫化物矿床 热液 古环境 海底 古海洋 寒武纪大爆发 PGE 下寒武统 

分 类 号：P618[天文地球—矿床学] Q915[天文地球—地质学]