生态用水的基本理论与计算方法  

Theory and calculation method of ecological water use

作　　者：杨爱民[1] 唐克旺[1] 王浩[1] 刘小勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京100044 [2]水利部水利水电规划设计总院水战略研究中心,北京100011

出　　处：《水利学报》2004年第12期39-45,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：全国水资源综合规划专题(01-06-02);十五国家科技重点攻关项目(2001BA610A-01)

摘　　要：在总结分析前人研究工作的基础上,首次提出了界定生态用水须遵循的基本原则。据此,对生态用水、生态需水和生态缺水的概念进行了科学界定,并讨论分析了他们之间的相互关系;提出一套完整的生态用水的分类系统;提出水土保持、植被、城市等河道外生态用水的计算方法;以位于黄土高原地区的延安市为例,对其2001年水土保持生态用水和城市绿地生态用水进行了计算。The basic principle for defining the ecological water use is proposed.On this basis the definitions of ecological water use, ecological water requirement and ecological water deficiency are defined and the relationships among them are analyzed.An integrated set of classification system for ecological water use is suggested.The method for calculating the off-stream ecological water use including the water consumptions for soil and water conservation,vegetation and urban green land is developed.The calculation of ecological water use for different purposes in Yanan City,located at the loess plateau area,is taken as a case study to demonstrate the proposed method.

关 键 词：生态用水 生态需水 生态缺水 黄土高原 河道外 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]